摘要
青海湖是青藏高原最大的内流湖,青海湖水文情势变化研究对于区域水资源管理和生态环境保护具有重要意义。本文综合利用多源遥感影像、卫星测高和水文气象数据,探究2003—2023年青海湖的面积、水位及水量变化趋势,定量分析相关气象、水文因素对青海湖水量平衡的影响。研究表明:2003—2023年青海湖的面积、水位和水量增加趋势分别为18.65 km^(2)/a、0.20 m/a和0.91 km^(3)/a,大致可分为稳定扩张、快速扩张和缓慢扩张3个阶段;在水平衡分量中,陆面降水径流、湖面降水、冻土融水和冰川融水对总入湖水量的贡献率分别为57.2%、41.6%、0.8%和0.4%,其中陆面降水径流和湖面降水增加是青海湖水文情势发生变化的主导因素。
Qinghai Lake is the largest endorheic lake on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.Research on the hydrological regime changes of Qinghai Lake holds great significance for regional water resource management and ecological environment protection.This study comprehensively utilized multi-source remote sensing images,satellite altimetry data,and hydrometeorological data to explore the variation trends of Qinghai Lake’s area,water level,and water volume from 2003 to 2023,and quantitatively analyze the contribution of each component to the water balance of Qinghai Lake.The results showed that:from 2003 to 2023,the increasing trends of Qinghai Lake’s area,water level,and water volume were 18.65 km^(2)/a,0.20 m/a,and 0.91 km^(3)/a respectively,which can be roughly divided into three stages of stable expansion,rapid expansion,and slow expansion;among the water balance components,the contribution rates of terrestrial precipitation runoff,lake surface precipitation,permafrost meltwater,and glacial meltwater to the total inflow water volume were 57.2%,41.6%,0.8%,and 0.4%respectively.Among these,the increase in terrestrial precipitation runoff and lake surface precipitation were the dominant factors leading to the changes in the hydrological regime of Qinghai Lake.
作者
农爱乐
相龙伟
汪汉胜
陈祖刚
李国庆
邓帆
NONG Aile;XIANG Longwei;WANG Hansheng;CHEN Zugang;LI Guoqing;DENG Fan(School of Geosciences,Yangtze University,Wuhan 430100,China;Aerospace Information Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100094,China;Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Wuhan 430077,China)
出处
《水科学进展》
北大核心
2025年第5期796-806,共11页
Advances in Water Science
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(42004007)
国家对地观测科学数据中心开放课题项目(NODAOP2024001)。
关键词
水文情势变化
气候变化
水量平衡
多源数据
青海湖
hydrological regime changes
climate change
water balance
multi-source data
Qinghai Lake
