摘要
为了掌握湖南高望界国家级自然保护区的鸟类区系特征及物种多样性特征,于2022-2023年,采用样线法及红外相机调查法,对保护区内的鸟类多样性进行了系统调查.结果显示,记录到鸟类145种,隶属15目49科,其中雀形目鸟类占主导地位,共31科89种,非雀形目18科56种;记录到国家I级重点保护野生鸟类2种,即中华秋沙鸭(Mergus squamatus)和白颈长尾雉(Syrmaticus ellioti),以及国家Ⅱ级重点保护野生鸟类22种;记录到受威胁(濒危、易危和近危)物种16种,湖南省地方重点保护野生鸟类61种;在动物地理区系上以东洋界种类为主(71种);居留类型以留鸟为主(90种);林地生境的物种多样性指数最高(3.47),水域生境的物种多样性指数最低(1.95);鸟类物种多样性在不同生境中存在明显差异,但在不同功能区之间无明显差异.
To understand the avian species diversity and distribution in the Gaowangjie National Nature Reserve in Hunan,a systematic survey of bird diversity was conducted using line transect surveys and infrared camera trapping from 2022 to 2023.The results showed that a total of 145 bird species were recorded,belonging to 15 orders and 49 families.Passeriformes dominated with 89 species across 31 families,while non-Passeriformes accounted for 56 species across 18 families.Two species of nationally protected Class I wild birds were recorded:Scaly-sided Merganser(Mergus squamatus)and Elliot's Pheasant(Syrmaticus ellioti),along with 22 species of nationally protected ClassⅡwild birds.According to the China Red List of Vertebrates,16 species were listed as threatened(endangered,vulnerable,or near threatened),with an additional 61 bird species designated as provincially protected in Hunan.In terms of zoogeographical regions,oriental species predominated(71 species),and resident birds were the primary residency type(90 species).The woodland habitat had the highest species diversity index(3.47),while aquatic habitats had the lowest(1.95).Significant differences in bird species diversity were observed among different habitats,but no significant differences were found between functional zones.Based on these findings,the following conservation recommendations are proposed to strengthen wildlife protection awareness campaigns and strictly prohibit illegal hunting and habitat destruction;Establish an ecological compensation mechanism to provide economic incentives for affected villagers to encourage conservation efforts.
作者
谭叶琛
黄杰
毛静
王婧
熊姝红
张佑祥
吴涛
黄兴龙
张自亮
柯明军
TAN Yechen;HUANG Jie;MAO Jing;WANG Jing;XIONG Shuhong;ZHANG Youxiang;WU Tao;HUANG Xinglong;ZHANG Ziliang;KE Mingjun(College of Biology and Environmental Sciences,Jishou University,Jishou 416000,Hunan China;Hunan Gaowangjie National Nature Reserve Administration,Guzhang 416300,Hunan China)
出处
《吉首大学学报(自然科学版)》
2025年第5期90-96,I0002-I0005,共11页
Journal of Jishou University(Natural Sciences Edition)
基金
湖南省财政厅国家重点野生动植物保护项目(2023年)。
