摘要
传统法理学对立法方法论的忽视由来已久。立法的理性源于立法者思维方式的逻辑性,后者是建构立法方法论的理论主线。自然法学将立法看成演绎推理,认为立法思维呈现为从大前提、小前提到结论的三段论。这一观点背离了立法的实践特征和逻辑属性,无法形成科学的立法方法论。马克思主义的辩证逻辑一般地揭示了立法过程的“否定之否定”规律和“分析与综合”方法,指引立法者遵循“开始—进展—目的”“正题—反题—合题”的辩证思维去发现和证成法律。正确把握和运用辩证的立法思维,立法者既要在认识上避免形式主义的误区,也要在实践中谨慎进行价值衡量,积极开展立法调研。
Traditional jurisprudence has long neglected the study of legislative methodology.The rationality of legislation derives from the logical character of legislative thinking,which constitutes the theoretical foundation of legislative methodology.Natural law theory regards legislation as a process of deductive reasoning,in which legislative thinking follows the syllogistic structure of major premise,minor premise,and conclusion.However,this view departs from the practical nature and logical attributes of legislation and cannot form a scientific legislative methodology.Marxist dialectical logic,by contrast,reveals the general laws of“negation of the negation”and the method of“analysis and synthesis”within the legislative process.It guides legislators to discover and justify legal norms through dialectical thinking patterns such as“beginning–development–purpose”and“thesis–antithesis–synthesis.”To correctly grasp and apply dialectical legislative thinking,legislators must avoid the cognitive pitfalls of formalism,exercise prudence in value assessment,and actively engage in legislative research.The proper choice of dialectical thinking over syllogistic reasoning not only refines the methodological logic of lawmaking but also embodies a deeper jurisprudential understanding of the nature and rationality of legislation.
作者
宋方青
刘永胜
SONG Fangqing;LIU Yongsheng(School of Law,Xiamen University,Xiamen 361005,China)
出处
《西南政法大学学报》
2025年第5期94-107,共14页
Journal of Southwest University of Political Science and Law
基金
国家社科基金重大项目“法典化与中国特色社会主义法律体系的完善研究”(24&ZD127)。
关键词
立法方法论
立法三段论
立法思维
辩证逻辑
马克思主义
legislative methodology
legislative syllogism
legislative thinking
dialectical logic
Marxism
