摘要
氢能是实现从化石能源向可再生能源转型的理想能源载体。然而,由于氢气具有易燃易爆特性,开发安全高效的储氢技术仍是氢能应用中的关键挑战。钒基体心立方(BCC)储氢合金在常温下理论储氢容量可达3.8%,显著高于传统AB_(5)型和AB_(2)型储氢合金,因而展现出巨大的应用潜力。但在实际应用中,该类合金仍面临可逆储氢量偏低、循环稳定性较差以及原材料成本高昂等问题。本文系统综述了钒基BCC型储氢合金的研究进展,重点针对成本过高的问题,详细分析了3种降低合金成本的策略,并分别探讨了各类策略所面临的关键挑战。在此基础上,对未来研究方向提出了展望,为高性能低成本储氢合金的设计与开发提供参考。
Hydrogen energy is an ideal energy carrier for the transition from fossil energy to renewable energy.However,due to the flammable and explosive nature of hydrogen,the development of safe and efficient hydrogen storage technologies remains a key challenge in the application of hydrogen energy.Vanadium-based body-centered cubic BCC hydrogen storage alloys have a theoretical hydrogen storage capacity of up to 3.8%at room temperature,significantly higher than traditional AB_(5) and AB_(2) type hydrogen storage alloys,thus demonstrating great application potential.However,in practical applications,this type of alloy still faces problems such as low reversible hydrogen storage capacity,poor cycle stability,and high raw material costs.This paper systematically reviews the research progress of vanadium-based BCC type hydrogen storage alloys,with a focus on the issue of high cost.It analyzes in detail three strategies for reducing alloy costs and discusses the key challenges faced by each strategy.On this basis,it provides prospects for future research directions,offering a reference for the design and development of high-performance and low cost hydrogen storage alloys.
作者
张晓轩
胡华舟
陈庆军
ZHANG Xiaoxuan;HU Huzhou;CHEN Qingjun(Key Laboratory of Rare Earths,Ganjiang Innovation Academy,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Ganzhou 341000,Jiangxi,China;School of Yangming,Ningbo Polytechnic University,Ningbo 315042,Zhejiang,China)
出处
《金属功能材料》
2025年第5期175-187,共13页
Metallic Functional Materials
基金
国家重点研发计划资助项目(2022YFB3504700)。
关键词
固态储氢
BCC型合金
低成本
循环稳定性
solid-state hydrogen storage
BCC-type alloy
low cost
cyclic stability
