摘要
目的了解淮安市售共374批婴幼儿食品中克罗诺杆菌携带情况、耐药现状及对小鼠血液指标的影响。方法随机抽取淮安市7个县区的婴幼儿食品共374批,根据GB4789.40—2024《食品安全国家标准食品微生物学检验克罗诺杆菌检验》的克罗诺杆菌计数(第二法)进行检测,用全自动鉴定药敏分析仪进行药敏试验。选取小鼠为动物实验对象,观察其血液指标的变化。结果374批婴幼儿食品中克罗诺杆菌共检出10批次,检出率达2.67%,定量检测结果为9.3~>110 MPN/100 g(mL)。在21种药物敏感性试验中,克罗诺杆菌对头孢唑林(cefazolin,CEFA)、氯霉素(chloramphenicol,CHL)敏感率分别为80.00%、90.00%,其余敏感率为100.00%。克罗诺杆菌感染对小鼠的血液指标有显著的性别差异,在感染后,雄性小鼠表现出白细胞数量明显增加的特征,而雌性小鼠则呈现白细胞减少的趋势。此外,两性对感染剂量的敏感性也有所不同:雌性小鼠对中等剂量感染的抵抗力较弱,而雄性小鼠则对低剂量感染表现出更为强烈的免疫激活。结论淮安市市售婴幼儿食品存在克罗诺杆菌污染,对一代头孢抗生素敏感性低于三四代头孢,CHL不应作为临床首选用药。本研究从动物层面反馈出阪崎肠杆菌的危害性,对小鼠血常规指标的影响提示该菌感染后可能存在性别特异性免疫,需在人类防控中关注性别差异,也有助于制定应对策略,减少病菌传播。
Objective To understand the carrying situation and drug resistance of Cronobacter in 374 batches of infant and toddler food sold in Huai’an City and its effects on blood indexes of mice.Methods A total of 374 batches of infant and toddler food were randomly selected from 7 counties and districts in Huai’an City.According to the GB 4789.40—2024 National food safety standard-Microbiological examination of food-Cronobacter detection,the Cronobacter count(second method)was used for detection,and the drug susceptibility test was conducted using a fully automated identification drug susceptibility analyzer.Select mice as animal experimental subjects and observe changes in their blood indicators.Results The 10 batches of Cronobacter were detected in 374 batches of infant and toddler food,with a detection rate of 2.67%.The quantitative detection results ranged from 9.3 to>110 MPN/100 g(mL).In 21 kinds of drug sensitivity tests,the sensitivity rates of Cronobacter to cefazolin(CEFA)and chloramphenicol(CHL)were 80.00% and 90.00%,respectively,while the sensitivity rates to other drugs were 100.00%.Cronobacter infection exhibited significant gender differences in blood parameters in mice.After infection,male mice exhibited a marked increase in the number of white blood cells,while female mice showed a trend towards decreased white blood cell count.Furthermore,the sensitivity of both sexed to infection doses varies:Female mice had weaker resistance to moderate-dose infection,while male mice exhibited stronger immune activation in response to low-dose infection.Conclusion There is Cronobacter contamination in infant and toddler food sold in Huai’an City,and the sensitivity to first generation cephalosporin antibiotics is lower than that of third and fourth generation cephalosporins.CHL should not be used as the first choice for clinical use.This study provides feedback on the harmfulness of Escherichia coli from the animal level,and its impact on mouse blood routine indicators suggests that there may be gender specific immunity after infection with this bacterium.It is necessary to pay attention to gender differences in human prevention and control,which also helps to develop response strategies and reduce the spread of the bacteria.
作者
杭婧
宋呈文
王萍
卜文程
刘艳
HANG Jing;SONG Cheng-Wen;WANG Ping;BU Wen-Cheng;LIU Yan(Huai’an Insitute for Food and Drug Control,Huai’an 223300,China;College of Life Science and Food Engineering,Huaiyin Institute of Technology,Huai’an 223300,China)
出处
《食品安全质量检测学报》
2025年第22期34-40,共7页
Journal of Food Safety and Quality
基金
江苏省市场监督管理局科技计划项目(KJ2022047)。
关键词
婴幼儿食品
克罗诺杆菌
药物敏感性
血液指标
infant and toddler food
Cronobacter
drug sensitivity
blood indicators
