摘要
人工智能深度赋能企业管理与决策背景下,企业战略决策面临技术驱动重要挑战,在数字经济环境中企业战略究竟趋向差异化还是同质化,成为亟待探讨的焦点问题。基于2010—2023年我国沪深A股上市企业数据,实证分析人工智能应用对企业战略差异度的影响与机制及其经济后果。研究发现,人工智能应用会显著降低企业战略差异度,加剧战略趋同。人工智能应用主要通过促进认知框架收敛、压缩产品策略差异、加剧运营配置,集中降低企业战略差异度促进战略趋同。在有国资背景的企业中,人工智能应用对战略差异度的降低效应较强;在人力资本水平高、业务复杂度高的企业,以及制造业和数字经济基础良好、数字经济政策支持充分的地区,人工智能应用对战略差异度的降低效应较弱,企业能更有效应用人工智能实施差异化战略,保持较强的战略独立性和差异性。进一步分析发现,保持战略独特性有助于企业应用人工智能实现价值转化,即人工智能应用对企业价值的提升效应存在条件性差异,仅对战略差异度高的企业有效,在战略差异度低的企业中不显著。因此,在智能化转型过程中,应警惕技术逻辑主导下的战略收敛倾向,注重战略多样性、灵活性以及数字化效率与差异化竞争的动态平衡,着力构建多元化人工智能战略生态,大力完善数字基础设施和数据要素市场,高度重视战略差异化和企业价值创造。
In the context of artificial intelligence(AI)deeply empowering corporate management and decision-making,corporate strategic decision-making is facing critical technology-driving challenges,and whether corporate strategies tend to be differentiated or convergent has become a critical question.Based on data from Chinese listed companies on the Shanghai and Shenzhen Stock Exchanges from 2010 to 2023,the authors empirically analyze the impact of AI application on corporate strategy differentiation,as well as its mechanism and economic result.It is found that the application of AI significantly reduces corporate strategy heterogeneity,and intensifies strategic convergence.The application of AI mainly promotes strategic convergence by reinforcing cognitive framework convergence,compressing product strategy heterogeneity,and enhancing operational alignment,thereby collectively reducing the degree of corporate strategic heterogeneity.In state-owned enterprises,the reducing effect of AI application on corporate strategy heterogeneity is stronger;however,in firms with higher human capital or greater business complexity,as well as regions with sound foundations in manufacturing and the digital economy and sufficient support from digital economy policies,the application of AI has a weaker effect on reducing strategic heterogeneity,and enterprises can leverage AI to implement differentiated strategies and maintain strong strategic independence and distinctiveness.Further analysis reveals that maintaining strategic uniqueness facilitates enterprises'value transformation through the application of AI.Specifically,the value-enhancing effect of AI application is conditionally heterogeneous-it is only effective for enterprises with high strategic differentiation and insignificant for those with low strategic heterogeneity.Therefore,in the process of intelligent transformation,enterprises should guard against the tendency of strategic convergence dominated by technological logic,emphasize strategic diversity and flexibility as well as the dynamic balance between digital efficiency and differentiated competition,strive to build a diversified AI strategic ecosystem,vigorously improve digital infrastructure and data factor markets,and attach great importance to strategic heterogeneity and corporate value creation.
作者
邢霂
陈东
XING Mu;CHEN Dong(School of Economics and Management,Nanjing University of Science and Technology,Nanjing 210094,Jiangsu,China;Yangtze Industrial Development Institute,Nanjing University,Nanjing 210093,Jiangsu,China)
出处
《中国流通经济》
北大核心
2025年第11期98-111,共14页
China Business and Market
基金
国家社会科学基金重大项目“全球产业链供应链变化趋势及对我国影响研究”(24&ZD055)
南京大学中国特色哲学社会科学自主知识体系建构“引领工程”重大研究专项“建设以产业链现代化为核心的中国产业经济学”(2024300565)。
关键词
人工智能应用
战略差异度
企业价值
数字经济
artificial intelligence application
strategic heterogeneity
firm value
digital economy
