摘要
深化专业化分工不仅是推动企业全要素生产率增长的有效手段,更是增强产业链供应链韧性和实现经济高质量发展的关键环节。作为推进全国统一大市场建设的重要措施,市场准入负面清单制度有利于破除地方保护和市场分割,推动生产要素自由流动,强化市场在资源配置中的决定性作用。基于市场准入负面清单制度实施的外生冲击,构建双重差分模型,实证考察全国统一大市场建设对企业专业化分工的影响。研究发现,相比于未实施市场准入负面清单制度的地区,实施市场准入负面清单制度明显提升辖区内企业的专业化分工水平,且该结论通过了一系列稳健性检验。影响机制检验表明,市场准入负面清单制度主要通过降低企业制度性交易成本和扩大企业可及的市场范围推动企业专业化分工深化。异质性分析发现,对于成熟期企业、制造业(尤其是传统制造业)以及流通体系建设较为完善的地区,市场准入负面清单制度的专业化分工效应更显著。进一步分析发现,市场准入负面清单制度推动企业全要素生产率增长。因此,应坚持在全国范围内高标准实施市场准入负面清单制度,建立常态化的监督机制和动态调整机制,以保障制度的公平性与适应性;在同等市场准入条件下,应对不同企业和行业进行差异化管理,深入推动产业链供应链协同发展;完善流通体系建设,加强交通、物流、仓储以及信息通信等基础设施建设,逐步构建“通道+枢纽+网络”支撑体系,扩大流通网络覆盖范围,提高物流配送效率,降低企业在供应链协作过程中面临的流通成本,推动其分工深化。
Deepening specialization in the division of labor is not only an effective means of enhancing firms'total factor productivity(TFP)growth,but also a key link in strengthening the resilience of industrial and supply chains and achieving high quality economic development.As an important measure to advance the establishment of a unified national market,the market access negative list system helps dismantle local protectionism and market segmentation,thereby promoting the free flow of production factors and reinforcing the decisive role of the market in resource allocation.Taking the implementation of the market access negative list system as an exogenous shock,the authors construct a difference-in-differences model to empirically examine the impact of building a unified national market on firms'specialization in the division of labor.It is found that,compared with regions that have not implemented the market access negative list system,regions that have adopted it experience a significant improvement in firms'specialization levels,and this conclusion remains robust after a series of robustness checks.Mechanism analysis reveals that the system promotes specialization mainly by reducing firms'institutional transaction costs and expanding their accessible market scope.Heterogeneity analysis further indicates that the effect of the system on specialization is more pronounced among mature firms,in the manufacturing sector(especially traditional manufacturing),and in regions with well-developed circulation systems.Additional analysis demonstrates that the market access negative list system also fosters growth in firms'TFP.Accordingly,first,it is essential to implement the market access negative list system at a high standard nationwide,accompanied by the establishment of a normalized supervision mechanism and a dynamic adjustment mechanism to ensure the system's fairness and adaptability;second,under equal market access conditions,differentiated market management should be applied to different enterprises and industries,while efforts should be made to promote coordinated development along the industrial and supply chains;third,it is necessary to improve the circulation system by strengthening the construction of transportation,logistics,warehousing,and information and communication infrastructure,thereby gradually forming a support system composed of"channels+hubs+networks";and fourth,expanding the coverage of circulation networks and enhancing logistics and distribution efficiency can help reduce circulation costs faced by enterprises in supply chain collaboration,thus facilitating deeper specialization.
作者
郑志强
陈尧
何世雄
ZHENG Zhi-qiang;CHEN YAO;HE Shi-xiong(Anhui Institute of Economic and Social Development,Anhui University of Finance and Economics,Bengbu 233030,Anhui,China;School of Marxism,South China University of Technology,Guangzhou 510627,Guangdong,China;Institute of Economics,Shanghai Academy of Social Sciences,Shanghai 200020,China)
出处
《中国流通经济》
北大核心
2025年第11期71-83,共13页
China Business and Market
基金
国家社会科学基金项目“数字赋能零售业态高质量发展的机理与政策”(23BJY194)
安徽省哲学社会科学规划项目“公共数据开放驱动小微企业成长的机理与对策研究”(AHSKQ2024D166)。
