摘要
目的 分析2014—2023年晋江市预防梅毒母婴传播的效果,为进一步推动晋江市消除梅毒母婴传播提供坚实可靠的参考依据。方法 选取2014—2023年在晋江市接受孕产期保健服务的273 346名孕产妇进行梅毒检测,遵照《预防艾滋病、梅毒和乙肝母婴传播工作实施方案(2015年版)》及《预防艾滋病、梅毒和乙肝母婴传播工作规范(2020年版)》对阳性孕产妇及婴儿采取综合干预,从国家预防梅毒母婴传播项目系统中提取2014—2023年晋江市梅毒母婴传播月报表及个案登记表,汇总整理数据,分析晋江市预防梅毒母婴传播的效果。结果 2014—2023年在晋江市接受梅毒检测的孕产妇分别为40 427、36 644、36 979、33 000、28 587、25 462、20 239、18 835、16 523、16 650名。孕产妇梅毒感染率分别为0.18%、0.25%、0.19%、0.25%、0.26%、0.34%、0.49%、0.37%、0.42%、0.50%,配偶或性伴侣检测率<50%。孕期检测率波动上升,梅毒感染孕产妇治疗率达93.03%。2014—2023年晋江市阳性孕产妇以感染途径不详占比最高,为61.95%;其次为性接触传播,为36.55%;感染分期占比最高者为隐性感染,为80.98%;户籍分布主要为省外户籍,占比为61.70%;职业主要为家务及待业,占比为67.08%;初中及以下文化水平占比最高,为75.09%(600/799)。随访婴儿大部分排除梅毒,但失访比例高,达26.65%。结论2014—2023年晋江市预防梅毒母婴传播取得一定成效,但晋江市流动人口多,增加随访管理难度,影响梅毒防控效果,今后仍需加强教育及筛查监测,进一步提高配偶或性伴侣检测率及随访管理率。
Objective To analyze the effect of preventing mother-to-child transmission of syphilis in Jinjiang city from 2014 to 2023,and to provide a solid and reliable reference basis for further promoting the elimination of mother-to-child transmission of syphilis in Jinjiang city.Methods A total of 273346 pregnant and postpartum women who received prenatal and postnatal health care services in Jinjiang city from 2014 to 2023 were selected for syphilis testing.In accordance with the"Implementation Plan for the Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission of AIDS,Syphilis and Hepatitis B(2015 Edition)"and the"Work Specifications for the Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission of AIDS,Syphilis and Hepatitis B(2020 Edition)",comprehensive intervention measures were taken for positive cases and infants.The monthly reports and case registration forms of mother-to-child transmission of syphilis in Jinjiang city from 2014 to 2023 were extracted from the National Project system for preventing mother-to-child transmission of syphilis.The data were summarized and sorted out to analyze the effect of preventing mother-to-child transmission of syphilis in Jinjiang city.Results From 2014 to 2023,the number of pregnant and postpartum women who underwent syphilis testing in Jinjiang city was 40427,36644,36979,33000,28587,25462,20239,18835,16523 and 16650 respectively.The syphilis infection rates of pregnant and postpartum women were 0.18%,0.25%,0.19%,0.25%,0.26%,0.34%,0.49%,0.37%,0.42%,and 0.50%respectively,and the testing rate of spouses or sexual partners was less than 50%.The rate of prenatal testing fluctuated and increased,and the treatment rate of pregnant women with syphilis infection reached 93.03%.From 2014 to 2023,among the positive pregnant women in Jinjiang city,the proportion of those with unknown infection routes was the highest,reaching 61.95%.The second was sexual contact transmission,accounting for 36.55%.The infection stage with the highest proportion was latent infection,accounting for 80.98%.The household registration distribution of positive pregnant and postpartum women is mainly from outside the province,accounting for 61.70%.The main occupations were housework and unemployment,accounting for 67.08%.The proportion of patients with a junior high school education or below was the highest,reaching 75.09%(600/799).Most of the followed infants were ruled out for syphilis,but the proportion of those lost to follow-up was high,reaching 26.65%.Conclusion From 2014 to 2023,Jinjiang city has achieved certain results in preventing mother-to-child transmission of syphilis.However,due to the large number of floating population in Jinjiang city,the difficulty of follow-up management has increased,affecting the effectiveness of syphilis prevention and control.In the future,it is still necessary to strengthen education and screening monitoring,and further increase the testing rate and follow-up management rate of spouses or sexual partners.
作者
黄翠卿
许少茹
胡志敏
HUANG Cuiqing;XU Shaoru;HU Zhimin(Department of Public Health,Jinjiang Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital,Jinjiang Fujian 362200,China;Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology,Jinjiang Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital,Jinjiang Fujian 362200,China)
出处
《中国卫生标准管理》
2025年第15期25-29,共5页
China Health Standard Management
关键词
梅毒
母婴传播
筛查
预防效果
随访管理
健康教育
syphilis
mother-to-child transmission
screening examination
prevention effect
follow-up management
health education
