摘要
为提高海上突发事件救援效率,最大限度减少人员伤亡,提出一种海上伤员处置舱的系统化安全设计策略。首先,运用认知任务分析法(CTA)深入分析救援人员在执行任务中的认知过程,识别关键任务及其对应的核心用户需求;其次,采用亲和图法(KJ)归纳总结用户需求,并通过层次分析法(AHP)明确各需求项的重要度和优先级;然后,运用质量功能展开(QFD)理论将用户需求转化为具体的设计要素;最后,借助公理化设计(AD)方法完成功能需求向设计参数(DPs)的映射。结果表明:通过CTA法与QFD-AD集成法构建的功能需求(FR S)与DPs的映射关系,可有效识别海上伤员处置舱功能需求及安全设计要素。处理好舱内医疗设备人机尺寸、作业姿势与设备尺寸关系、作业空间布局、以及舱体色彩+材料+工艺(CMF)、环境界面(光照、噪声、振动)、工具性界面、信息型界面,有助于提升海上伤员处置舱整体人机工效,保证救援作业的安全性。
In order to enhance maritime emergency rescue efficiency and reduce casualties,a systematic safety design strategy for maritime casualty disposal cabins was proposed.CTA was first used to identify rescue personnel's core needs during critical tasks.The Kawakita Jiro Method method and Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP)were then used to prioritize these needs.Quality Function Deployment(QFD)was used to translate them into design elements,and Axiomatic Design(AD)was used to map functional requirements to design parameters.Results show that the integrated CTA-QFD-AD approach effectively identifies functional requirements and safety design elements.Optimizing key factors,such as ergonomic dimensions,spatial layout,Color-Material-Finish(CMF),environmental interfaces(lighting,noise,vibration),and tool/information interfaces,can significantly improve human-machine efficiency and ensures rescue safety.
作者
王秋惠
云婷
WANG Qiuhui;YUN Ting(School of Mechanical Engineering,Tiangong University,Tianjin 300387,China)
出处
《中国安全科学学报》
北大核心
2025年第10期198-204,共7页
China Safety Science Journal
基金
教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金资助(19YJAZH093)。
