摘要
亚硝酸盐作为食品添加剂,在防腐、护色和赋味方面发挥重要作用,但其过量摄入会与胺类物质反应生成强致癌物亚硝胺,对人体健康构成严重威胁。因此,采用高效准确的方法提取和检测食品中的亚硝酸盐尤为重要。对食品中亚硝酸盐的常用提取方法及光谱分析技术进行综述,重点评述水浴提取法、振荡提取法、超声提取法及超声-微波协同萃取法的原理和特点,系统总结可见光度法、紫外光度法、荧光光度法、催化动力学光度法、表面增强拉曼光谱法和气相分子吸收光谱法测定食品中亚硝酸盐的原理与研究现状。在提取方法方面,超声-微波协同萃取法因提取效率高、耗时短而被广泛应用。在光谱分析技术方面,表面增强拉曼光谱法和气相分子吸收光谱法分别在提高检测灵敏度和抗干扰方面具有独特的优势。
Nitrite is a food additive which plays a significant role in preservation,color protection and flavor enhancement.However,excessive intake of nitrite poses a serious threat to human health,which can react with amine substances to form strong carcinogenic nitrosamines.Therefore,it is particularly important to adopt efficient and accurate methods to extract and detect nitrite in food.This article reviews the common extraction methods and spectroscopic analysis techniques of nitrite in food.The principles and characteristics of water bath extraction method,oscillation extraction method,ultrasonic extraction method and ultrasonic-microwave synergistic extraction method are critically reviewed.The principles and research status of visible spectrophotometry,ultraviolet spectrophotometry,fluorescence spectrophotometry,catalytic kinetic spectrophotometry,surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy(SERS),and gas-phase molecular absorption spectrometry(GPMAS)for the determination of nitrite in food are systematically summarized.In terms of extraction methods,ultrasound-microwave synergistic extraction is widely applied due to its high efficiency and short processing time.In terms of spectroscopic analysis techniques,surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy and gas-phase molecular absorption spectrometry respectively have unique advantages in improving detection sensitivity and anti-interference.
作者
易灵红
郭峰君
罗珺文
YI Linghong;GUO Fengjun;LUO Junwen(Beihai Vocational College,Beihai 536000)
出处
《食品工业》
2025年第10期268-271,共4页
The Food Industry
基金
2025年广西高校中青年教师科研基础能力提升项目(表面活性剂增敏催化光度法测定肉制品中亚硝酸盐的研究,2025KY1915)
2024年北海职业学院重点科研项目(催化光度法测定食品中亚硝酸盐的研究及应用,2024YKZ02)。
关键词
食品
亚硝酸盐
提取方法
光谱分析技术
研究进展
food
nitrite
extraction method
spectroscopic analysis technique
research progress
