摘要
【目的】为减少杭州西湖景区内观赏树木因受赤腹松鼠啃咬而导致的生长发育受抑制、美观性受损和游客安全性下降等情况。【方法】采用踏勘调查研究了西湖景区内受赤腹松鼠啃咬的树种种类、被啃咬部位和被啃咬数量,并进行啃咬对比试验,研究赤腹松鼠对不同树木的喜好程度。【结果】自然环境下,鸡爪槭、桂花、香樟受赤腹松鼠啃咬范围最广,被啃咬频率均超过50%。受害树种主干被啃咬的较少,三级分枝上被啃咬伤口最多。受啃咬伤害的树种中,无患子平均每株被啃咬伤口的绝对数量最多;而经过赋分后,鸡爪槭平均每株被啃咬伤口数量分值成为最高,表明鸡爪槭被啃咬的大伤口比例高。在鸡爪槭、桂花、香樟和水杉之间,胸径和伤口大小的关系差异较大。人工饲养赤腹松鼠的树木啃咬试验与野外啃咬情况相差较大,啃咬试验中鸡爪槭完全没有被啃咬,而银杏、七叶树和水杉出现被啃咬情况最多。【结论】自然环境下,赤腹松鼠偏好啃咬鸡爪槭、桂花和香樟的三级分枝,人工饲养条件下则偏好银杏、七叶树和水杉,此研究结果为预防杭州西湖景区观赏树木受赤腹松鼠危害的控制管理提供理论参考。
【Object】In order to reduce the growth inhibition,aesthetic damage and tourist safety of ornamental trees in Hangzhou West Lake scenic area caused by the bite of Callosciurus erythraeus.【Method】A field investigation was conducted to study the types of tree species bitten by red-bellied squirrels in the West Lake scenic area,the bitten parts and the number of bites.A comparative bite experiment was also carried out to study the preference of red-bellied squirrels for different trees.【Result】The results showed that Acer palmatum,Osmanthus fragrans and Cinnamomum camphora were the most widely bitten in the natural environment.There were less gnawing wounds on the trunk and most gnawing wounds on the tertiary branches.The absolute number of gnawing wounds per plant was the highest among Sapindus mukorossi,and the score of the number of gnawing wounds per plant was the highest after scoring,indicating that the proportion of gnawing wounds was high.The relationship between DBH and wound size was different among Acer palmatum,Osmanthus fragrans and Camphora officinarum and Metasequoia glyptostroboides.【Conclusion】In natural conditions,Callosciurus erythraeus prefer to gnaw on the teriary branches of Acer palmatum,Osmanthus fragrans and Camphora officinarum.Under artificial breeding conditions,they prefer to gnaw on Ginkgo biloba,Aesculus chinensis and Metasequoia glyptostroboides.To provide theoretical references for the control and management of preventing the damage of Callosciurus erythraeus to ornamental trees in Hangzhou West Lake scenic area.
作者
应驰东
潘坚英
叶盈
项旭跃
Ying Chidong;Pan Jianying;Ye Ying;Xiang Xuyue(Hangzhou West Lake Scenic Area Huagang Adminisration,Hangzhou,Zhejiang 310007,China)
出处
《东南园艺》
2025年第4期375-382,共8页
Southeast Horticulture
基金
杭州西湖风景名胜区科技发展计划项目(2023-001)。
关键词
赤腹松鼠
西湖景区
危害树种
啃咬情况
Callosciurus erythraeus
West lake scenic spot
endangered tree species
gnawed condition
