摘要
《知识产权对外转让有关工作办法(试行)》的出台标志我国以技术出口与外资并购为主的审查机制得以初步衔接,但运行层面仍存在两类审查界限模糊、“实际控制人的变更”界定不明、程序衔接不畅等问题。审视各国知识产权对外转让安全审查设计的本源与功能,多从技术出口与外商投资框架下审查,试图在安全例外与私权自治间寻求平衡。在总体国家安全观视域下,两类审查各有侧重:外商投资审查是在尊重私权的前提下防范关键知识产权流失,技术出口审查则聚焦于维持新兴领域的先发优势。我国应基于统筹发展与安全的核心理念,制定“清单+标准”的技术识别程序,适当扩大对外转让行为的审查范围,明确跨部门间知识产权审查的界限,进而完善知识产权对外转让审查机制,以确保产业链与经济安全。
The introduction of the Measures on Intellectual Property Rights Transfer Involving Foreign Entities(Trial Implementation)marks the preliminary integration of China's review mechanisms focusing on technology exports and foreign acquisitions.However,operational challenges persist,including ambiguities in the two-track review system,un-clear definitions of"changes in ultimate beneficial ownership",and disjointed procedural coordination.Examining the origins and functions of foreign intellectual property transfer security review frameworks across nations,most countries conduct reviews under technology export and foreign investment regimes,seeking to balance security exceptions with private rights autonomy.Under the overarching national security paradigm,the dual review mechanisms serve distinct purposes:Foreign investment reviews aim to prevent the loss of critical intellectual property while respecting private rights,whereas technology export reviews prioritize maintaining first-mover advantages in emerging sectors.To en-hance China's intellectual property transfer review framework,it is imperative to:Develop a"negative list+risk crite-ria"technical identification procedure;Appropriately expand the scope of reviews for foreign transfers;Clarify inter-agency jurisdictional boundaries for intellectual property reviews.These measures,grounded in the core principle of co-ordinating development and security,would strengthen industrial chain resilience and safeguard economic security.
作者
刘友华
张馨月
Liu Youhua;Zhang Xinyue(School of Intellectual Property,Xiangtan University,Xiangtan Hunan 411105,China)
出处
《科技与法律(中英文)》
2025年第5期13-25,共13页
Science Technology and Law(Chinese-English Version)
基金
湖南省社会科学基金重点项目“总体国家安全观背景下知识产权保护制度研究”(21ZDB007)。
关键词
知识产权
对外转让
国家安全
知识产权审查
intellectual property
external transfers
national security
intellectual property review
