摘要
针对棉织物明显的吸湿性缺陷导致其在潮湿环境中性能受限的问题,通过特殊处理赋予其超疏水特性,优异的防水性能为其实际应用开辟了新途径。整合了国内外最新科研数据,从加工工艺和实际用途两个角度,全面分析了棉织物疏水改性的技术发展现状。介绍了凝胶溶胶法、气相沉积、相变分离、化学蚀刻、表面接枝、溶液浸渍、水热合成以及模板导向等制备工艺,并对该领域的发展方向做出了预测。这类经特殊处理的棉织物在功能性服饰、油污分离和防火材料等应用场景中展现出显著优势。
In response to the problem of limited performance of cotton fabric in humid environments caused by obvious moisture absorption defects,special treatment has been applied to endow them with superhydrophobic properties,and thus their excellent waterproof performance has opened up new avenues for practical applications.Integrating the latest scientific research data from both domestic and international sources,the current development status of hydrophobic modification technology for cotton fabrics is comprehensively analyzed from the perspectives of processing technology and practical applications.The preparation processes such as gel sol method,vapor deposition,phase change separation,chemical etching,surface grafting,solution impregnation,hydrothermal synthesis and template orientation are introduced,and the development direction of this field is predicted.This type of specially treated cotton fabric exhibits significant advantages in applications such as functional clothing,oil separation,and fire-resistant materials.
作者
侯计伟
张颖
黄欣怡
肖晴
张陈珂
包新军
王连军
HOU Jiwei;ZHANG Ying;HUANG Xinyi;XIAO Qing;ZHANG Chenke;BAO Xinjun;WANG Lianjun(College of Textile and Fashion,Hunan Institute of Engineering,Xiangtan 411104,Hunan,China;Intelligent Institute of Innovation,Hunan Institute of Engineering,Xiangtan 411104,Hunan,China;Key laboratory of intelligent processing technology,Xiangtan 411104,Hunan,China;Short-flow Intelligent Textile Hunan Engineering Research Center,Xiangtan 411104,Hunan,China;School of Materials and Chemical Engineering,Hunan Engineering University,Xiangtan 411104,Hunan,China)
出处
《上海纺织科技》
2025年第11期9-15,24,共8页
Shanghai Textile Science & Technology
基金
湖南省重点研发计划(2022NK2042)
湖南省自然科学基金项目(2024JJ7096、2022JJ50121)
湖南省教育厅创新平台项目(20K037)
湖南省教育厅优秀青年基金项目(23B0682)
湖南工程学院人才引进项目(22RC007)。
关键词
棉织物
超疏水性能
表面处理
制备方法
应用领域
cotton fabric
superhydrophobicity
surface treatment
preparation method
application field
