摘要
目的分析长期卧床患者压力性损伤(pressure injury,PI)发生情况及其相关危险因素,以制定针对性预防护理措施。方法回顾性分析2022年3月至2024年3月厦门弘爱医院收治的159例长期卧床患者的临床资料,统计PI发生情况,并采用单因素、多因素Logistic回归分析影响PI发生的危险因素。结果159例长期卧床患者中,发生PI 18例,发生率为11.32%;单因素分析结果显示,发生PI与未发生PI患者性别、体重指数、吸烟史、饮酒史、感染比较差异无统计学意义;发生PI与未发生PI患者年龄、合并神经系统疾病、合并心血管疾病、合并糖尿病、营养不良、是否存在局部压力、是否使用医疗器具、是否使用镇静镇痛药物、潮湿环境比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,年龄>60岁、合并神经系统疾病、合并心血管疾病、合并糖尿病、营养不良、存在局部压力、使用医疗器具、使用镇静镇痛药物、潮湿环境均为长期卧床发生PI的危险因素(OR>1,P<0.05)。结论长期卧床患者存在一定PI发生风险,与年龄>60岁、合并神经系统疾病、合并心血管疾病、合并糖尿病、营养不良、存在局部压力、使用医疗器具、使用镇静镇痛药物、潮湿环境情况均相关,临床需据此采取有效干预措施。
Objective To analyze the occurrence and its related risk factors of pressure injury(PI)in long-term bedridden patients,so as to formulate targeted preventive and nursing measures.Methods The clinical data of 159 long-term bedridden patients admitted to Xiamen Hongai Hospital from March 2022 to March 2024 were retrospectively analyzed,and occurrence of PI was statistically analyzed,and univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analyses were used to identify the risk factors influencing the occurrence of PI.Results Among the 159 long-term bedridden patients,18 cases developed PI,with an incidence rate of 11.32%;the results of univariate analysis showed that there were no statistically significant differences in gender,body mass index,smoking history,alcohol consumption history,and infection between patients with PI and those without PI;there were statistical differences in age,neurological disease,cardiovascular disease,diabetes,malnutrition,whether there was local pressure,whether to use medical devices,whether to use sedative and analgesic drugs,and humid environment between patients with PI and those without PI(P<0.05);the results of multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that age>60 years old,combined neurological diseases,combined cardiovascular diseases,combined diabetes,malnutrition,presence of local pressure,use of medical devices,use of sedatives and analgesics drugs,and humid environment were risk factors for PI in long-term bedridden(OR>1,P<0.05).Conclusion Long-term bedridden patients have a certain risk of PI,which is related to age>60 years,combined neurological disease,combined cardiovascular disease,combined diabetes,malnutrition,presence of local pressure,use of medical devices,use of sedatives and analgesics drugs,and humid environment,and effective interventions should be taken accordingly.
作者
许童
刘艳新
曾艳婷
XU Tong;LIU Yanxin;ZENG Yanting(Department of Emergency Medicine,Xiamen Hongai Hospital,Xiamen,Fujian,361000,China)
出处
《当代医学》
2025年第9期180-183,共4页
Contemporary Medicine
关键词
压力性损伤
长期卧床
影响因素
护理干预措施
Pressure injury
Long-term bedridden
Influencing factors
Nursing intervention measures
