摘要
基诺族长老制度作为我国人口较少民族独特的传统治理机制,经历了从原始公社时期的治理核心到现代社会的文化枢纽的转型。该制度植根于刀耕火种经济与地缘血缘共同体,长老凭借经验权威与宗教职能,主导农业生产、主持祭祀并调解纠纷,形成“司吐—卓巴”文化体系。1949年后,伴随社会主义改造与“直接过渡”政策,长老制度因经济基础变革、政治权威消解而退出治理核心;1979年基诺族获民族识别后,其文化价值被重认,逐渐转型为民族文化传承者。当前,长老制度面临文化传承断层、治理协同不足及政治认同弱化等挑战,需通过构建系统化保护传承体系、建立多元纠纷解决机制、加强民族干部培养等路径,实现传统智慧与现代治理的有机融合。
As a unique traditional governance system of China's less populous ethnic groups,the Jino eldership system has undergone a transformation from the core of governance during the primitive commune period to the cultural hub of modern society.The system is rooted in the slash-and-burn economy and the geo-blood community,and the elders,by virtue of their empirical authority and religious functions,dominate agricultural production,preside over rituals,and mediate disputes,forming the“Si-Tu-Zhuo-Ba”cultural system.After 1949,along with the socialist transformation and the“direct transition”policy,the Elder system withdrew from the core of governance due to the change of the economic base and the dissolution of political authority;in 1979,after the Jino ethnic group was recognized,its cultural value was re-recognized,and it gradually transformed itself into the inheritor of the ethnic culture.Currently,the elders’system is facing challenges such as cultural inheritance faults,insufficient governance synergy,and weakened political identity;it is necessary to build a systematic protection and inheritance system,establish a multifaceted dispute resolution mechanism,and strengthen the cultivation of ethnic cadres in order to realize the organic fusion of traditional wisdom and modern governance.
作者
胡红霞
马月
Hu Hongxia;Ma Yue
出处
《民族大家庭》
2025年第3期54-69,共16页
National Family
基金
云南省哲学社会科学规划重点项目“云南民族地区乡村文化振兴路径与实践研究”(项目编号:ZD202403)
关键词
基诺族
长老制度
制度变迁
文化传承
基层治理
Jino Ethnic Group
Elder System
Institutional Changes
Cultural Transmission
Grassroots Governance
