摘要
生态教育是生态文明建设的基石。草原文化是一种天然的生态文化,内含着传统的以家庭生活教育为主的生态教育。草原牧区在现代化进程中出现了草原生态文化传承上的断裂。传统与现代的桥接既是生态教育主体性的彰显,也是做好生态教育的关键所在。基于内蒙古DM旗的田野调查研究发现,传统草原生态教育的内核是草原文化,自然性和民族性是草原文化的显著特征,在应试教育的影响下草原生态文化被边缘化;草原生态教育在形式上正由传统的家庭教育转变为以现代学校教育为主导,内容上从地方性知识逐步被标准化的学科知识所替代。从教育人类学视角来看,内蒙古草原生态教育古今变迁背后潜藏的是一种文化上的变迁过程,传承和创新草原生态文明是蒙古族教育的时代使命。草原牧区在现代化的过程中要提高草原生态教育的文化自觉,既要有国际视野,又要立足“本土化”,站在人与自然和谐共生的高度谋划中国方案,构建学校、家庭和社会一体化的草原生态文明教育体系,在乡村振兴的伟大实践中建设生态宜居、文明和谐的美丽草原。
Ecological education is the cornerstone of ecological civilization construction.Grassland culture is a natural form of ecological culture,inherently containing traditional ecological education primarily based on family life education.In the process of modernization,grassland pastoral areas have experienced a rupture in the transmission of grassland ecological culture.Bridging the gap between tradition and modernity is not only a manifestation of the subjectivity of ecological education but also crucial for its effective implementation.Based on fieldwork conducted in DM Banner,Inner Mongolia,this study finds that the core of traditional grassland ecological education is grassland culture,with naturalness and ethnicity being its salient features.Under the influence of exam–oriented education,grassland ecological culture has been marginalized,In terms of form,grassland ecological education is shifting from traditional family education to modern school–led education,while in terms of content,localized knowledge is gradually being replaced by standardized academic knowledge.From an educational anthropology perspective,the historical transformation of grassland ecological education in Inner Mongolia reveals an underlying process of cultural change.Inheriting and innovating grassland ecological civilization is the contemporary mission of Mongolian education.In the process of modernization,grassland pastoral areas should enhance their cultural awareness of grassland ecological education,adopting both an international perspective and a localized approach,developing Chinese solutions from the perspective of harmonious coexistence between humans and nature,and constructing an integrated grassland ecological civilization education system encompassing schools,families,and society,to build ecologically livable,civilized and harmonious grasslands within the great practice of rural revitalization.
基金
教育部研究生教育创新计划云南大学—内蒙古师范大学2019年暑期学校项目的资助
顺德职业技术学院引进博士科研启动项目(KYQD049)
教学质量与教学改革工程项目(24Y2403JG2503X001)的阶段性成果
关键词
内蒙古草原
生态教育
草原文化
Inner Mongolia grassland
ecological education
grassland culture
educational anthropology
