摘要
随着黑钨矿资源的不断开采,原矿逐渐趋于贫细杂,浮选已成为提高微细黑钨矿回收效率的有效手段,近些年来浮选技术的研究以浮选药剂开发为重点。以黑钨矿浮选药剂的发展脉络为切入点,介绍了黑钨矿浮选的捕收剂、活化剂及抑制剂等的发展情况,详述药剂之间的组合方式、优缺点及指标情况等,分析浮选药剂的浮选过程机制及固-药表面作用机理。结果表明,螯合类捕收剂选择性强,但药剂成本高、制造工艺复杂及稳定性较差,可应用在实际生产中的药剂较少;脂肪酸类捕收剂因捕收性强、价格低廉而应用广泛,但选择性会降低,常与其他药剂配合使用;胂酸类与膦酸类捕收剂的捕收性能均优于脂肪酸类捕收剂,但因其价格昂贵,对环境污染大,始终未能在实际工业生产中得到应用;捕收剂的组合使用不仅能够降低矿山生产成本,在一定程度上也减少了有毒药剂的使用;高选择性的活化剂和抑制剂可实现黑钨细泥与脉石矿物的高效分离。依照现存情况,应根据不同矿石性质,针对性地研发选择性高、用量低、环保无毒害的新型药剂。
With the continuous exploitation of wolframite resources,the raw ore gradually tends to be poor and fine.Flotation has become an effective means to improve the recovery efficiency of fine wolframite.In recent years,study of flotation technology has mainly focused on the development of flotation reagents.Taking the development of wolframite flotation reagents as the starting point,the development of collectors,activators and inhibitors in wolframite flotation was introduced.The combination methods,advantages and disadvantages and indexes of reagents were described in detail.The flotation process mechanism of flotation reagents and the mechanism of solid-drug surface action were analyzed.The results show that the chelating collector has strong selectivity,but the cost of the reagent is high,the manufacturing process is complex and the stability is poor,and there are few reagents that can be applied in actual production.Fatty acid collectors are widely used because of their strong collecting ability and low price,but their selectivity will be reduced,and they are often used in combination with other agents.The collecting performance of arsonic acid and phosphonic acid collectors is better than that of fatty acid collectors,but because of its high price and environmental pollution,it has not been applied in actual industrial production.The combined use of collectors can not only reduce the production cost of mines,but also reduce the use of toxic agents to a certain extent.Highly selective activators and inhibitors can achieve efficient separation of wolframite slime and gangue minerals.According to the existing situation,new reagents with high selectivity,low dosage,environmental protection and non-toxicity should be developed according to different ore properties.
作者
胡晔昕
胡海祥
李子凌
杨博皓
HU Yerin;HU Hairiang;LI Ziling;YANG Bohao(School of Resources and Environmental Engineering,Jiangxi University of Science and Technology,Ganzhou,Jiangxi 341000,China;Key Laboratory of Intelligent Green Development of Tungsten Rare Earth Resources,Jiangxi Provincial Department of Education,Ganzhou,Jiangxi 341oo0,China)
出处
《矿业研究与开发》
北大核心
2025年第10期1-11,共11页
Mining Research and Development
基金
江西省自然科学基金赣南苏区创新发展联合基金重点项目(20244BAB28053)
江西省高层次高技能领军人才培养工程项目(赣人社字[2024]69号)
赣南科技学院学术带头人资助项目(赣科院发[2024]26号)。
关键词
黑钨矿
浮选
捕收剂
调整剂
研究进展
Wolframite
Flotation
Collector
Regulator
Research progress
