摘要
研究餐厨垃圾类发酵液不同施用年限对土壤理化性状以及玉米产量的影响,为发酵液合理施用提供科学依据。试验布置于2019年,设置空白对照,单施化肥以及施用化肥后分别施用发酵液1、2、3年,共计5个处理。结果表明,施用土壤发酵液可以显著提升土壤肥力,且连续施用效果更好。相较于未施用土壤发酵液处理,施用2年及施用3年土壤发酵液土壤有机质含量分别提高21.45%和43.24%;土壤养分以氮、磷提升效果最佳,相较于单施化肥处理,连续施用3年发酵液土壤全氮、全磷、碱解氮、有效磷含量分别显著提高31.43%、12.5%、27.56%以及239.07%。且连续3年施用土壤发酵液对土壤全盐含量基本无影响。另外,施用餐厨垃圾类发酵液可改善土壤物理性状,降低土壤容重并提高土壤持水能力,最终提高玉米产量。相较于单施化肥处理,连续3年施用土壤发酵液玉米产量显著提高26.26%。餐厨垃圾类发酵液连续施用效果最好,停止施用后增产效应年限的增加不断降低。通径分析结果表明,土壤发酵液的施用主要通过提高土壤有效磷含量及玉米穗长最终提高玉米产量。
The effects of different application years of food waste fermentation broth on soil physical and chemical properties and maize yield were studied to provide scientific basis for the rational application of fermentation broth.The experiment was arranged in 2019,and 5 treatments were set up,including control,single application of chemical fertilizer and application of fermentation broth for 1 year,2 years and 3 years after application of chemical fertilizer.The results showed that the application of soil fermentation broth significantly improved soil fertility,and the effect of continuous application was better.Compared with the treatment without fermentation broth application,the soil organic matter content of fermentation broth application for 2 years and continuous application for 3 years increased by 21.45%and 43.24%,respectively.Compared with the single application of chemical fertilizer,the contents of total nitrogen,total phosphorus,alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen and available phosphorus in the soil treated with fermentation broth for 3 years were significantly increased by 31.43%,12.5%,27.56%and 239.07%,respectively.The application of fermentation broth for 3 consecutive years had no effect on soil total salt content.On the other hand,the application of food waste fermentation broth improved soil physical properties,reduced soil bulk density and improved soil water holding capacity.The above favorable conditions ultimately increased maize yield.Compared with the single application of chemical fertilizer,the yield of maize with fermentation broth in 3 consecutive years was significantly increased by 26.26%.Moreover,it was found that the continuous application of food waste fermentation broth had the best effect,and the yield-increasing effect decreased with the increase of years after the application was stopped.The results of path analysis showed that the application of fermentation broth mainly increased the yield of maize by increasing the content of available phosphorus and increasing the ear length of maize.
作者
崔恒
张久东
车宗贤
卢秉林
杨蕊菊
CUI Heng;ZHANG Jiu-dong;CHE Zong-xian;LIU Bing-lin;YANG Rui-ju(Institute of Soil,Fertilizer and Water-saving Agriculture,Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Lanzhou Gansu 730070;Gansu Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Agro-Environment and Arable Land Conservation,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People′s Republic of China,Lanzhou Gansu 730070;National Agricultural Experimental Station for Soil Quality in Liangzhou,Lanzhou Gansu 730070)
出处
《中国土壤与肥料》
北大核心
2025年第9期160-167,共8页
Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China
基金
国家重点研发计划(2021YFD1700204-04)
现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金(绿肥,CARS-22)。
关键词
餐厨垃圾类发酵液
玉米
土壤理化性状
产量
通径分析
food waste fermentation broth
maize
soil physical and chemical properties
yield
path analysis
