摘要
为了探明油菜与烤烟根际相互作用机制及对土壤平衡的影响,设置盆栽试验使烤烟与油菜营养生长期根际充分互作,通过16S rDNA高通量测序和液相色谱-质谱联用仪(LC-MS/MS)检测等技术,分析种植油菜后作物根际土壤养分、酶活性、微生物多样性及差异代谢物的变化,及其联合作用对土壤中氮、磷、钾养分利用的调节,阐明油菜种植对土壤养分平衡的响应机制。结果表明,与烤烟单作相比,种植油菜后增加了植烟土壤有机质、碱解氮、有效磷含量,显著提高了土壤脲酶活性;提高了烤烟根际土壤青霉属、镰刀菌属真菌相对丰度,显著降低了腐质霉属真菌丰度;降低了烤烟根际土壤伯克霍尔德菌属以及油菜根际土壤鞘氨醇单胞菌属、芽单胞菌属和伯克霍尔德菌属等细菌相对丰度。此外,种植油菜还降低了土壤差异代谢物含量,烤烟根际土壤主要富集在丙氨酸、天冬氨酸和谷氨酸代谢、ABC转运体、半乳糖代谢通路,油菜根际土壤主要富集在硫代葡萄糖苷生物合成、ABC转运体、半乳糖代谢通路。综上,种植油菜通过调节土壤中微生物群落结构、功能和代谢产物丰度和功能,进而提高土壤氮、磷、钾养分的可利用性,通过改变种植模式为植烟土壤的改良提供一定的理论依据。
In order to investigate the rhizosphere interaction mechanism of rapeseed and flue-cured tobacco and its influence on soil balance,a pot experiment was set up to make the rhizosphere of flue-cured tobacco and rapeseed fully interact during the vegetative growth stage.16S rDNA high-throughput sequencing and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry(LC-MS/MS)detection techniques were used.The changes of crop rhizosphere soil nutrients,enzyme activity,microbial diversity and differential metabolites after planting rapeseed,and their combined effects on regulating the utilization of soil nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium were analyzed to clarify the response mechanism of rapeseed planting to soil nutrient balance.The results showed that,compared with monoculture of tobacco,the contents of soil organic matter,hydrolyzed nitrogen and available phosphorus were increased after intercropping with rapeseed,and the soil urease activity was significantly improved.The relative abundance of Penicillium and Fusarium fungi of tobacco rhizosphere soil was increased,and the abundance of Humicola fungi was significantly reduced.The relative abundance of bacteria such as Burkholderia in rhizosphere soil of tobacco,Blastomonas,Blastomonas,and Burkholderia in rhizosphere soil of rapeseed was reduced.In addition,the content of differential metabolites in the rhizosphere soil of tobacco was reduced,and was mainly enriched in alanine,aspartic acid and glutamic acid metabolism,ABC transporter and galactose metabolism pathway,while the rhizosphere soil of rapeseed was mainly enriched in glucosinolate biosynthesis,ABC transporter and galactose metabolism pathway.In conclusion,intercropping with rapeseed affected the microbial community diversity and function,and also the metabolites in the soil,which improved the nutrients of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium in the soil.This study provided a theoretical basis for improving tobacco-planting soil by changing planting patterns.
作者
刘淑蕾
刘弟
杨秀华
窦敏
年夫照
李军营
邓小鹏
刘雅婷
LIU Shu-lei;LIU Di;YANG Xiu-hua;DOU Min;NIAN Fu-zhao;LI Jun-ying;DENG Xiao-peng;LIU Ya-ting(College of Tobacco,Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming Yunnan 650201;Yunnan Academy of Tobacco Agricultural Sciences,Kunming Yunnan 650021)
出处
《中国土壤与肥料》
北大核心
2025年第9期37-49,共13页
Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China
基金
中国烟草总公司“揭榜挂帅”重点项目[110202201025(LS-09)、2023530000241015、YNDG202302YY02]
云南省科技厅计划项目(202401AT070289)。
关键词
烤烟
油菜
养分
土壤微生物
差异代谢物
flue-cured tobacco
rapeseed
nutrient
soil microorganisms
differential metabolites
