摘要
基于中央“一号文件”的文本内容,系统梳理了2004—2024年中国农村集体经济政策的发展历程和目标定位,并基于环境、供给和需求三大维度的政策工具视角对政策文本展开量化分析。研究发现,近20年来中国农村集体经济政策改革主要经历了完善基本经营制度、产权明晰与股权量化以及深化改革三个阶段。从整体看,中央政府对农村集体经济的政策工具使用存在“环境型>供给型>需求型”的偏好失衡。尽管随着发展阶段不断演变,政策工具呈现出多样化和均衡化特征,但上述结构性失衡格局仍未能打破。从局部看,各类子政策工具使用也存在不均衡现象,表现为中央政府对金融支持和税收优惠等环境型子工具、人才支持和项目供给等供给型子工具、服务外包和政府采购等需求型子工具的重视程度相对不足。因此,必须调整优化中国农村集体经济政策工具结构,以适应新型农村集体经济的市场竞争需求。
This paper considers the text of China s No.1 Central Documents for 2004 to 2024 to systematically analyze the history and orientation of China s policy on rural collective economies.It includes a quantitative analysis of the policy text based on the policy tools relevant to the three dimensions of environment,supply,and demand.The study identifies three stages in China s reform of policy on rural collective economies over the sample period:improving the basic management system,clarifying property rights and quantifying equity,and deepening reform.Overall,there is an imbalance in the central government s use of policy instruments for rural collective economies in the form of“environment-based>supply-based>demand-based”preferences.This imbalance remains despite the policy tools becoming more diversified and balanced as the policy has evolved.Locally,there is also an imbalance in the use of various subsidiary policy tools,as evidenced by the relative lack of attention paid by the central government to environmental sub-tools such as financial support and tax incentives,supply sub-tools such as human resources support and project supply,and demand sub-tools such as service outsourcing and government procurement.It is thus necessary to adjust and optimize the structure of policy instruments for China s rural collective economy to meet the needs of market competition.
作者
林玉婵
罗明忠
LIN Yuchan;LUO Mingzhong(College of Economy and Trade,Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering,Guangzhou 510550,China;College of Economics and Management,South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou 510642,China;Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Philosophy and Social Sciences-Rural Revitalization Laboratory,South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou 510642,China)
出处
《南京财经大学学报》
2025年第4期1-11,共11页
Journal of Nanjing University of Finance and Economics
基金
国家社会科学基金重大项目“新型农村集体经济的发展路径、运行机制与政策支持研究”(23&ZD112)。
关键词
农村集体经济
政策工具
中央“一号文件”
rural collective economy
policy instruments
China s No.1 Central Document
