摘要
为了摸清山东省大气降尘污染特征及影响因素,以2023—2024年山东省大气降尘监测数据为基础,研究山东省大气降尘时空分布特征,采用相关系数法和灰色关联分析法初步解析大气降尘污染的影响因素。结果表明:全省年均大气降尘量下降14.6%,降尘量下降的城市占81%,城市大气降尘量整体呈现“一峰一谷”型,峰值在3—5月,11—12月缓慢回升,季节特点表现为春季>夏季>冬季>秋季,春夏季贡献全年降尘量的60.1%;山东省大气降尘空间分布差异显著,呈现自东南部沿海地区向西北部内陆城市逐渐增大的态势,聊城、德州、菏泽等地降尘污染严重。青岛市、东营市、烟台市和德州市大气降尘与PM_(10)来源具有一致性。自然降雨对大部分城市降尘起抑制作用,道路扬尘相比建筑扬尘与山东省大气降尘污染关联性更大。因此,建议山东省根据时间特点、区域差异科学开展有针对性的降尘污染防治工作,重点加强道路扬尘管理。
To investigate the characteristics and influence factors of atmospheric dust fall pollution in Shandong province,the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of atmospheric dust fall pollution in Shandong province were studied based on the monitoring data of atmospheric dust fall from 2023 to 2024.The influence factors of atmospheric dust fall pollution were preliminarily analyzed by using the correlation coefficient method and the grey relational analysis method.The results showed that the annual average atmospheric dust fall decreased by 14.6%,with 81%of cities experiencing a reduction in dust fall.Urban atmospheric dust fall typically displayed a“one peak and one valley”pattern,with the peak occurred between March and May and a gradual increase from November to December.The seasonal variation pattern of dust fall showed the following order:spring>summer>winter>autumn,with spring and summer contributing 60.1%of the annual dust fall.The regional differences in atmospheric dust fall in Shandong province were significant,which showed an increasing trend from the southeastern coastal areas to the northwestern inland cities.Cities such as Liaocheng,Dezhou,and Heze had the most serious dust fall pollution.The atmospheric dust fall in Qingdao,Dongying,Yantai,and Dezhou aligned with the sources of PM_(10).Natural rainfall played an inhibitory role in dust fall for most cities,and road dust was more closely related to atmospheric dust fall pollution in Shandong province than construction dust.Therefore,Shandong province should implement science-based targeted dust fall pollution control measures that account for temporal patterns and spatial heterogeneity,with prioritized focus on road dust mitigation through enhanced regulatory measures.
作者
李方方
张帅
肖方
LI Fang-fang;ZHANG Shuai;XIAO Fang(Shandong Heze Ecological Environment Monitoring Center,Heze,Shandong 274000,China)
出处
《四川环境》
2025年第5期19-25,共7页
Sichuan Environment
关键词
大气降尘
时空分布
山东省
Atmospheric dust fall
temporal and spatial distribution
Shandong province
