摘要
兽药作为水产养殖过程中必不可缺的一类功能性药物,在对疾病预防、抗菌杀虫和提高免疫力等方面效果显著。然而,在利益的驱使下,超剂量及无针对性的使用兽药,致使水产品中兽药残留问题日益突出。水产品中兽药残留不仅对水产品本身带来毒害作用,同时也对生态环境造成严重破坏。此外,这些兽药残留还会通过食物链在人体富集,从而引发一系列人体疾病。为此,开发快速、灵敏、准确的兽药残留检测技术至关重要。近年来,随着分析化学和材料科学的快速发展,水产品中兽药残留检测技术取得了显著进展。本文综述了近5年水产品中兽药残留检测技术的最新研究进展,比较了不同样本前处理方法(液-液萃取、固相萃取和QuEChERS法)的区别和优势,并重点综述了色谱检测技术、免疫分析技术和传感器技术在兽药残留检测中的应用。最后,对上述前处理方法及水产品中兽药残留检测技术存在的不足提出展望。本文旨在为水产品中兽药残留检测技术的后续发展提供参考。
As an indispensable functional drug in aquaculture,veterinary drugs have remarkable effects on disease prevention,antibacterial and insecticidal,and immunity improvement.However,driven by profits,the overdose and untargeted use of veterinary drugs have led to the increasingly prominent problem of veterinary drug residues in aquatic products.The residues of veterinary drugs in aquatic products not only bring toxic effects to aquatic products themselves,but also cause serious damage to the ecological environment.In addition,these veterinary drug residues can also accumulate in the human body through the food chain,causing a series of human diseases.For this reason,the development of rapid,sensitive and accurate veterinary drug residue detection technologies is essential.In recent years,with the rapid development of analytical chemistry and materials science,remarkable progress has been made in the detection technology of veterinary drug residues in aquatic products.In this paper reviewed the latest research progress of veterinary drug residue detection technology in aquatic products in the past 5 years,compared the differences and advantages of different sample preparation methods(liquid-liquid extraction,solid-phase extraction and QuEChERS method),and reviewed the applications of chromatography detection technology,immunoassay technology and sensor technology in the detection of veterinary drug residues,finally,prospected the shortcomings of the above pretreatment methods and the detection technology of veterinary drug residues in aquatic products.The purpose of this paper is to provide a reference for the subsequent development of veterinary drug residue detection technology in aquatic products.
作者
程斌
CHENG Bin(Beibei District Animal Husbandry and Aquatic Products Technology Extension Center,Chongqing 400700,China)
出处
《食品安全质量检测学报》
2025年第21期107-116,共10页
Journal of Food Safety and Quality
关键词
水产品
兽药残留
前处理方法
检测技术
aquatic products
veterinary drug residues
pre-treatment method
detection technology
