摘要
近年来,国内航行船舶违法加装大功率甚高频无线电设备现象频发,引发法律适用争议。通过分析《中华人民共和国海上交通安全法》(以下简称《海安法》)和《中华人民共和国无线电管理条例》(以下简称《无线电条例》)的条款竞合问题,揭示执法实践中因法律解释分歧导致的处罚标准不统一、船员责任认定不明、船员权益保护不足及兜底条款扩张适用争议等困境;并根据最高人民法院对于适用兜底条款的“两个前提”“三个条件”,提出了特别法优先适用、健全船员免责机制、加强部门协同合作、推进法规修订完善等制度优化措施,以期为海事执法与立法完善提供参考。
In recent years,the frequent occurrence of domestic ships'illegal installation of high-power VHF radio equipment has triggered disputes over law application.By analyzing the overlapping provisions of the Maritime Traffic Safety Law and the Radio Management Regulations,this paper reveals the predicaments in law enforcement practice caused by divergent legal interpretations,such as inconsistent penalty standards,disputes over the identification of seafarer's responsibilities,insufficient protection of seafarer's rights and interests,and controversies over the expanded application of catch-all clauses.In accordance with the"two prerequisites"and"three conditions"for the application of catch-all clauses stipulated by the Supreme People's Court,this paper puts forward institutional optimization paths such as priority application of special laws,improvement of seafarer exemption mechanisms,strengthening of inter-departmental collaboration,and improvement of legal revisions,aiming to provide references for maritime law enforcement and legislative improvement.
作者
刘超
董永杰
Liu Chao;Dong Yongjie(Dongjiakou MSA,Qingdao,Shandong 266500,China;Shandong MSA,Qingdao,Shandong 266000,China)
出处
《中国海事》
2025年第10期55-60,共6页
China Maritime Safety
