摘要
镍是现代基础设施和技术中最重要的金属之一,在自然界中主要来源于硫化镍矿与红土镍矿。但随着硫化镍矿的枯竭,人们逐渐将重心转移至红土镍矿的开采上。该文主要概述了红土镍矿的特点,并结合近些年红土镍矿的处理工艺研究进程,阐述了红土镍矿火法处理工艺(RKEF工艺、高炉法、直接还原-磁选工艺、烧结-鼓风炉熔炼工艺等)、湿法处理工艺(酸浸工艺、还原焙烧-氨浸工艺等)、火湿联合工艺以及其它处理工艺(微波法、生物浸出法、水浸法等)的研究进展,分析了不同工艺的优点与不足,以期为我国红土镍矿的工艺研究与发展提供参考。
Nickel is one of the most vital metals in modern infrastructure and technology.It is predominantly sourced from nickel sulfide ores and lateritic nickel ores in nature.However,as nickel sulfide ores are being depleted,the focus has progressively shifted towards the exploitation of lateritic nickel ores.This paper primarily outlines the characteristics of lateritic nickel ores.Furthermore,by integrating the research progress in processing technologies of lateritic nickel ores in recent years,it expounds on the advancements in pyrometallurgical processes(including the RKEF process,blast furnace method,direct reduction-magnetic separation process,sintering-blast furnace smelting process,etc.),hydrometallurgical processes(such as acid leaching process,reductive roasting-ammonia leaching process,etc.),combined pyro-hydro processes,as well as other processing technologies(including the microwave method,bioleaching method,water leaching method,etc.).The advantages and limitations of different processes are also analyzed.It is hoped that this paper will serve as a reference for the research and development of lateritic nickel ore processing technologies in China.
作者
梁荣新
LIANG Rongxin(Xianning Ecological Environment Bureau Chibi Branch,Xianning 437300,China)
出处
《云南化工》
2025年第10期5-8,共4页
Yunnan Chemical Technology
关键词
红土镍矿
镍
冶炼工艺
火法冶金
湿法冶金
LateriticNickel Ore
Nickel
SmeltingProcess
Pyrometallurgy
Hydrometallurgy
