摘要
目的分析海南屯昌体检人群的非酒精性脂肪肝(NAFLD)的患病情况、流行病学特征及相关危险因素,为二级医院NAFLD管理提供参考。方法选取2024年1~7月在海南省人民医院屯昌分院进行健康体检的成人受检者662例(男性410例、女性252例)作为研究对象,收集其性别、年龄、血压、血糖、血脂、肝功能及体质指数(BMI)等数据。分析NAFLD的检出率,采用SPSS25.0软件,先通过χ^(2)检验进行单因素分析,筛选与NAFLD相关的因素;再将单因素分析中P<0.05的变量纳入多因素Logistic回归模型,识别独立危险因素(检验水准α=0.05)。结果全人群NAFLD总检出率为19.49%(129/662),其中男性检出率为24.39%(100/410),明显高于女性的11.51%(29/252),但只有18~40岁年龄段男性的检出率明显高于女性,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),而40岁及以上年龄段的男性和女性的检出率比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);NAFLD检出率随年龄增长呈递增趋势,≤30岁年龄段检出率最低(8.61%,18/209),≥61岁年龄段检出率最高(33.33%,28/84)。性别、年龄分层、高血压、高空腹血糖、高甘油三酯、低高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、血清丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)升高、血清天冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)升高及BMI分层,均与NAFLD检出率存在显著关联(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,男性、≥61岁、高血压、高空腹血糖、高甘油三酯、低HDL-C、超重、肥胖、ALT升高及AST升高均是屯昌地区成年人群NAFLD的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。结论海南屯昌成年体检人群NAFLD检出率受性别、年龄影响显著,且代谢紊乱(高血压、高血糖、血脂异常)、BMI升高及肝功能损伤是NAFLD的核心独立危险因素,临床应针对上述高危因素构建分层防控体系,以降低区域NAFLD疾病负担。
Objective To analyze the prevalence,epidemiological characteristics,and related risk factors of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)in a physical examination population in Tunchang,Hainan,and to provide references for NAFLD management in secondary hospitals.Methods A total of 662 adult examinees(410 males,252 females)who underwent health check-ups at the Tunchang Branch of Hainan General Hospital from January to July 2024 were selected as the study subjects.Data including gender,age,blood pressure,blood glucose,blood lipids,liver function,and body mass index(BMI)were collected.The detection rate of NAFLD was analyzed.Using SPSS25.0 software,univariate analysis was first conducted using the χ^(2) test to screen factors associated with NAFLD.Variables with P<0.05 in the univariate analysis were then included in a multivariate logistic regression model to identify independent risk factors(test levelα=0.05).Results The overall detection rate of NAFLD in the entire population was 19.49%(129/662).The detection rate was 24.39%(100/410)in males,significantly higher than 11.51%(29/252)in females.However,the detection rate was significantly higher only in males aged 18-40 compared to females of the same age group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).In contrast,there were no statistically significant differences in detection rates between males and females aged 40 and above(P>0.05).The NAFLD detection rate showed an increasing trend with age,being lowest in the≤30 age group(8.61%,18/209)and highest in the≥61 age group(33.33%,28/84).Gender,age stratification,hypertension,high fasting blood glucose,high triglycerides,low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C),elevated serum alanine aminotransferase(ALT),elevated serum aspartate aminotransferase(AST),and BMI stratification were all significantly associated with the NAFLD detection rate(P<0.05).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that male gender,age≥61,hypertension,high fasting blood glucose,high triglycerides,low HDL-C,overweight,obesity,elevated ALT,and elevated AST were all independent risk factors for NAFLD in the adult population of the Tunchang area(P<0.05).Conclusion The detection rate of NAFLD in the adult physical examination population in Tunchang,Hainan,is significantly influenced by gender and age.Metabolic disorders(hypertension,hyperglycemia,dyslipidemia),elevated BMI,and liver function injury are core independent risk factors for NAFLD.Clinically,a stratified prevention and control system targeting the above high-risk factors should be established to reduce the regional disease burden of NAFLD.
作者
欧华妙
许丽凤
符明亮
李小蕾
李慧
田佳
OU Hua-miao;XU Li-feng;FU Ming-liang;LI Xiao-lei;LI Hui;TIAN Jia(Tunchang Branch of Hainan General Hospital,Tunchang 571699,Hainan,CHINA)
出处
《海南医学》
2025年第20期2932-2937,共6页
Hainan Medical Journal
基金
海南省屯昌县科学技术和工业信息化局项目(编号:TCKJ202404)。
关键词
海南
屯昌
体检人群
非酒精性脂肪性肝病
流行病学特征
危险因素
Hainan
Tunchang
Physical examination population
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
Epidemiological characteristics
Risk factors
