摘要
现役民机内饰壁板材料分为玻璃纤维/酚醛树脂层压板和夹芯板两种,在发生火灾时起隔热和延缓火焰蔓延的作用。民航管理部门更多关注壁板耐烧穿性能,但火源作用下的壁板高温热表面在烧穿前具有一定的引燃能力,其火灾危险性不可忽视。本工作通过研究两种壁板材料的隔热性能及背面温升情况,探究火灾环境下两种壁板对航空运输环境常见可燃物(松木、纯棉、瓦楞纸板)的引燃时间及不同间距下的热通量,建立壁板材料对外传热分布模型,确定其引燃边界条件。结果表明,层压板和夹芯板背火侧最大温升速率分别达3.7℃/s、0.48℃/s,夹芯板隔热性能优于层压板;建立的对外传热模型显示,随着间距增加,两种壁板对流传热逐渐减弱,层压板过渡至热辐射引燃,而夹芯板热对流仍占传热主导地位;近火侧高温热源功率相同时,层压板引燃三种可燃物的临界距离分别为1.0 cm、3.0 cm、6.0 cm,夹芯板不能引燃松木,引燃纯棉和瓦楞纸板的临界距离均为1.0 cm;夹芯板引燃时间明显长于层压板,在引燃间距为1.0 cm时,引燃纯棉和瓦楞纸板的时间分别增至202 s和190 s。
The interior wall panel materials currently used in civil aircraft are categorized into two types:glass fiber/phenolic resin laminated boards and sandwich panels.These materials serve to insulate and delay the spread of flames in case of a fire.The civil aviation management department places greater emphasis on the burn-through resistance of wall panels.However,the high-temperature surface of these panels under the influence of a fire source possesses a certain ignition capability prior to burn-through,posing a significant fire hazard.This work investigates the thermal insulation performance and backside temperature rise of these two types of wall panels.Additionally,it explores the ignition times and heat flux of common combustibles(pine wood,cotton,and corrugated cardboard)in aviation transportation environments under fire conditions.A model was established to simulate the distribution of external heat flux for these panels,aiming to determine their ignition boundary conditions.The findings revealed that the maximum temperature rise rates on the backside of laminated boards and sandwich panels were 3.7℃/s and 0.48℃/s,respectively,indicating that the insulation performance of the sandwich panel surpasses that of the laminated board.The established external heat flux model demonstrates that as the spacing increases,the convective heat transfer between the two types of panels gradually diminishes.The laminated board transitions to thermal radiation ignition,whereas the thermal convection of the sandwich panel still dominates the heat transfer process.When the power of the high-temperature heat source on the near-fire side remains constant,the critical distances for igniting the three combustibles on the laminated board are 1.0 cm,3.0 cm,and 6.0 cm,respectively.The sandwich panel is incapable of igniting pine wood,while the critical distances for igniting cotton and corrugated cardboard are both 1.0 cm.Notably,the ignition time of sandwich panels is significantly longer than that of laminated panels.Specifically,the ignition time of sandwich panels is significantly longer than that of laminated panels,increasing to 202 s and 190 s,respectively,when the spacing is 1.0 cm.
作者
田威
贾旭宏
丁思婕
朱禹龙
朱新华
张宇强
TIAN Wei;JIA Xuhong;DING Sijie;ZHU Yulong;ZHU Xinhua;ZHANG Yuqiang(College of Civil Aviation Safety Engineering,Civil Aviation Flight University of China,Guanghan 618307,Sichuan,China;Civil Aircraft Fire Science and Safety Engineering Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province,Civil Aviation Flight University of China,Guanghan 618307,Sichuan,China;Technology Engineering Research Center for All-electric Navigable Aircraft,Guanghan 618307,Sichuan,China)
出处
《材料导报》
北大核心
2025年第20期284-292,共9页
Materials Reports
基金
民航局安全能力建设项目(MHAQ2023030)
民机火灾科学与安全工程四川省重点实验室揭榜挂帅项目(MZ2023JB01)
中国民用航空飞行学院面上项目(J2022-091)。
关键词
航空器火灾
民机壁板
玻璃纤维/酚醛树脂
引燃特性
aircraft fire
civil aircraft panel
glass fiber/phenolic resin
ignition characteristics
