摘要
针对开河期因流凌导致局部河段产生冰坝从而引发相应水位抬升的问题,通过物理模型试验,采用石蜡作为模型冰,以黄河禹门口河段为例,研究了河道开河期的流凌特性及冰坝形成的阈值。结果表明,开河期流凌河段冰坝形成主要受流量和流冰密度控制,当流量较小、流冰密度较大时,一定空间内足够的冰块有足够的时间相互结合从而形成冰坝;冰坝未形成时造成的壅水不超过断面平均水深的41%,冰坝形成造成的壅水大于断面平均水深的69%;提出了开河期流凌河段冰坝形成的判别方法及阈值(0.3),即当100f_(d)h/Q<0.3时不形成冰坝,当100f_(d)h/Q>0.3时形成冰坝。
Focusing on the problems of local river sections experiencing ice dams and corresponding water level rise due to ice flow during the melting period,based on the physical model experiments and choosing paraffin wax as model ice,taking the Yumenkou reach of the Yellow River as an example,the ice flow characteristics and threshold for ice dam formation during the melting period were studied.The results show that the formation of ice dam in the river section during the melting period is mainly determined by flow rate and ice density.Under the circumstance of low flow rate with high ice density,there are sufficient ice blocks in a certain space have enough time to combine with each other to form ice dam;The backwater height caused by ice blocks with no ice dam is not exceed 41%of the average water depth of the cross-section,while the backwater height caused by the ice dam is greater than 69%of the average water depth of the cross-section;A discrimination method 100f_(d)h/Q and threshold of 0.3 have been proposed for the formation of ice dam in river sections during the melting period.When 100f_(d)h/Q<0.3,ice dam cannot be formed and vice versa.
作者
潘淼
孙一
顾志刚
PAN Miao;SUN Yi;GU Zhi-gang(Yellow River Institute of Hydraulic Research YRCC,Zhengzhou 450003,China;Key Laboratory of Lower Yellow River Channel and Estuary Regulation,MWR,Zhengzhou 450003,China;Yellow River Laboratory,Zhengzhou 450003,China)
出处
《水电能源科学》
北大核心
2025年第10期28-31,5,共5页
Water Resources and Power
基金
国家重点研发计划(2023YFC3206702)
中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(HKY-JBYW-2024-02)。
关键词
开河期
流凌河段
模型试验
冰坝形成阈值
melting period
ice flowing river reach
physical model experiment
ice dam formation threshold
