摘要
枝条和叶片功能性状的变异及其相关性是影响植物资源分配和碳投资策略的关键因素。以鲁东地区青岛崂山区人工林中黑松(Pinus thunbergia)和赤松(Pinus densiflora)为研究对象,通过测量当年生和多年生枝条、叶片的叶质量密度(leaf mass density,LMD)、叶干物质含量(leaf dry matter content,LDMC)、总叶面积(total leaf area,TLA)、枝木质密度(branch wood density,BWD)、枝干物质含量(branch dry matter content,BDMC)、出叶强度(leaf intensity volume,LIV)和比枝长(specific branch length,SBL),采用单因素方差分析法(One-Way ANOVA)对不同年龄阶段和树种间的性状差异进行检验,利用标准化主轴估计(standardized major axis estimation,SMA)分析不同树种和不同年龄枝条、叶片性状间的相关性,并通过主成分分析法(principal component analysis,PCA)探究多性状间的协作关系。研究结果表明:黑松和赤松的叶质量密度、叶干物质含量和枝木质密度均随枝叶年龄的增加而显著上升,而比枝长和出叶强度则与枝叶年龄呈负相关。此外,枝条、叶片性状间的相关性因树种和枝叶年龄的不同而呈现显著性变化。在树种水平上,黑松叶质量和枝干物质含量高,比枝长和出叶强度低,表现为“缓慢投资-收益”型(保守型)策略;赤松则相反,表现为“快速投资-收益”型(获取性)策略;进一步分析发现,2个树种在当年生倾向于选择获取型策略,在多年生则偏向于选择保守型策略。总体而言,黑松和赤松在不同年龄阶段的枝条和叶片性状变异及权衡模式存在显著差异,这种差异反映了二者在资源分配和碳投资策略上的分化。研究结果为进一步理解常绿针叶树种的生态适应策略提供了重要依据。
The variation in functional traits of branches and leaves,along with their correlations,plays a crucial role in shaping plant resource allocation and carbon investment strategies.Understanding these trait dynamics is essential for elucidating species-specific ecological adaptations,particularly in evergreen conifers.This study investigated the branch and leaf functional traits of two dominant plantation species,Pinus thunbergia and Pinus densiflora,in the Laoshan District of Qingdao,located in the eastern Shandong Peninsula.We measured key morphological and physiological traits,including leaf mass density(LMD),leaf dry matter content(LDMC),total leaf area(TLA),branch wood density(BWD),branch dry matter content(BDMC),leaf intensity volume(LIV),and specific branch length(SBL),in both current-year and perennial-year branches and leaves.Differences in these traits across age classes and between species were assessed using one-way analysis of variance(One-way ANOVA),while trait correlations were examined using standardized major axis estimation(SMA).Principal component analysis(PCA)was further employed to explore the multidimensional coordination among traits and identify potential trade-offs.The results demonstrated that LMD,LDMC,and BWD significantly increased with branch and leaf age in both species,indicating a shift toward greater structural investment and resource conservation in older tissues.In contrast,SBL and LIV exhibited a negative correlation with age,suggesting a decline in resource acquisition efficiency over time.Notably,the strength and direction of trait correlations varied significantly between species and age classes,highlighting divergent ecological strategies.At the species level,Pinus thunbergia exhibited a‘slow investment-return’strategy(conservative strategy),characterized by higher LMD and BDMC but lower SBL and LIV,which enhances stress tolerance and long-term resource retention.Conversely,Pinus densiflora displayed a‘fast investmentreturn’strategy(acquisitive strategy),with opposite trait patterns favoring rapid growth and resource acquisition.Furthermore,age-dependent shifts in strategy were observed:both species tended toward an acquisitive strategy in currentyear branches and leaves but transitioned to a conservative strategy in perennial tissues,reflecting adaptive adjustments to ontogenetic and environmental constraints.These findings underscore the importance of age and species-specific trait variations in mediating ecological strategies.The divergent resource allocation patterns between P.thunbergia and P.densiflora provide insights into their niche differentiation and competitive coexistence in plantation ecosystems.Moreover,the observed trade-offs between acquisitive and conservative traits highlight the dynamic balance between growth and persistence in evergreen conifers.This study contributes to a deeper understanding of plant functional ecology and offers a theoretical basis for forest management and species selection in afforestation projects under changing environmental conditions.
作者
杨玉洁
逄晨
崔君滕
钟杰超
赵芸
宋昱君
耿鹏飞
刘志理
金光泽
YANG Yujie;PANG Chen;CUI Junteng;ZHONG Jiechao;ZHAO Yun;SONG Yujun;GENG Pengfei;LIU Zhili;JIN Guangze(School of Ecology,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin 150040,China;Qingdao Forestry Survey and Design Institute Co.,Ltd.,Qingdao 266061,China;Sanya Research Base,International Centre for Bamboo and Rattan,Sanya 572000,China;Key Laboratory of Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management of Ministry of Education,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin 150040,China;Northeast Asia Biodiversity Research Center,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin 150040,China)
出处
《生态学报》
北大核心
2025年第19期9639-9650,共12页
Acta Ecologica Sinica
基金
黑龙江省自然科学基金(TD2023C006)
中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(2572022DS13)。
关键词
黑松
赤松
植物功能性状
枝叶年龄
性状变异
权衡关系
Pinus thunbergia
Pinus densiflora
plant functional traits
branch and leaf age
trait variation
trade-offs
