摘要
昆虫是农林生态系统的重要组成部分,气候变化和人类活动造成的选择压力使农林昆虫面临前所未有的环境剧变。近年来,测序与组学分析技术的迅速发展,极大拓展了我们对农林昆虫遗传多样性产生与维持机制及其适应性演化过程的理解。本文系统梳理了近年来在技术革新驱动下农林昆虫遗传多样性与演化研究领域取得的主要进展以及面临的问题与挑战。未来研究亟须实现多组学数据的有机整合,构建跨学科研究体系,推动遗传资源共享与动态监测体系建设,为实现农林害虫的绿色精准防控以及传粉和天敌昆虫的保护与利用提供理论基础与技术支撑。
Insects are important components of agricultural and forest ecosystems.Climate change and human-induced selective pressures have subjected these insects to unprecedented environmental changes.In recent years,rapid advancements in sequencing and omics technologies have enhanced our understanding of the mechanisms underlying the generation and maintenance of genetic diversity and adaptive evolutionary processes in agricultural and forest insects.This review systematically summarizes key advances in insect genetic diversity and evolutionary research driven by technological innovations in recent years,along with the current key issues and challenges that remain.Future research urgently needs to integrate multi-omics data organically,build interdisciplinary research systems,and promote the development of genetic resource sharing and dynamic monitoring systems.Such efforts will provide the theoretical foundations and technical support necessary for achieving environmentally sustainable and precise pest management,as well as for the conservation and utilization of insect pollinators and natural enemies in agricultural and forest ecosystems.
作者
杜振勇
李冰艳
刘杰
崔纪翔
田里
彩万志
魏书军
李虎
DU Zhenyong;LI Bingyan;LIU Jie;CUI Jixiang;TIAN Li;CAI Wanzhi;WEI Shujun;LI Hu(State Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Forestry Biosecurity,Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,College of Plant Protection,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193,China;Institute of Plant Protection,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100193,China;National Agro-Tech Extension and Service Center,Beijing 100125,China;Institute of Plant Protection,Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Beijing 100097,China)
出处
《植物保护》
北大核心
2025年第5期490-500,共11页
Plant Protection
基金
宁夏回族自治区重点研发计划(2024BBF02010)
国家自然科学基金(32470471)
宁夏农林科学院科技创新引导项目(NKYG-24-18)
中国烟草总公司重大科技项目(110202201018[LS-02])
中国农业大学2115人才培养计划。
关键词
农林昆虫
遗传多样性
适应性演化
害虫防控
agricultural and forest insect
genetic diversity
adaptive evolution
pest control
