摘要
授粉昆虫在保障农作物稳产增产、维持农业生态系统稳定、推动农业绿色低碳高质量发展中发挥了不可替代的作用。近年来,我国学者在农业授粉昆虫资源调查、保护利用、肠道微生物与行为生理、与植物的互作机制等方面取得显著进展。目前,我国已记录蜂类1300种以上,其中蜜蜂、熊蜂、壁蜂等代表性授粉昆虫已广泛应用于设施园艺作物,露地及大田粮油作物的绿色生产。通过提高农作物的有效授粉率,不仅显著提升了农产品的产量和品质,还降低了劳动强度和人工成本。另外,授粉昆虫与天敌昆虫、生防微生物等绿色产品的结合使用,有效减少了化学农药的使用,进一步加快了农业生产的绿色转型。本文综述了近年来我国学者在农业授粉昆虫领域的研究进展与典型应用案例,旨在为农业授粉昆虫资源的保护与利用、培育农业新质生产力提供参考。
Pollinating insects play an irreplaceable role in securing stable and increased crop yields,maintaining agricultural ecosystem balance,and advancing green,low-carbon,a high-quality agricultural development.In recent years,Chinese researchers have achieved remarkable progress in surveying pollinator resources,conserving and utilizing them,and exploring their interactions with gut microbiota,behavioral physiology,and host plants.China has documented over 1300 bee species,among which honeybees(Apis spp.),bumblebees(Bombus spp.),and mason bees(Osmia spp.)have been widely applied in greenhouse horticulture,open-field crops,and grain and oilseed production.By optimizing effective pollination efficiency,these insects have significantly enhanced crop yield and quality while reducing labor intensity and production costs.Furthermore,their combined use with natural enemies and biocontrol microorganisms has effectively cut chemical pesticide usage,accelerating the green transformation of agriculture.This paper systematically reviews recent advancements and representative applications of agricultural pollinators in China,aiming to provide a reference for pollinator conservation,utilization,and the cultivation of new drivers of agricultural productivity.
作者
刘艳
田里
郑浩
安建东
赵珊
王成兴
苏龙
郑礼
翟一凡
LIU Yan;TIAN Li;ZHENG Hao;AN Jiandong;ZHAO Shan;WANG Chengxing;SU Long;ZHENG Li;ZHAI Yifan(Institute of Plant Protection,Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Jinan 250100,China;China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193,China;Institute of Apicultural Research,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100193,China)
出处
《植物保护》
北大核心
2025年第5期229-237,295,共10页
Plant Protection
基金
山东省重点研发计划(2023LZGC017)
山东省现代农业产业技术体系(SDARS-24)
泰山学者青年专家项目(tsqn202312293)
山东省农业科学院农业科技创新工程(CXGC2024F05,CXGC2025B01,CXGC2025F05,CXGC2025H01)。
关键词
授粉昆虫
资源保护
蜜蜂
熊蜂
绿色投入品
pollinating insects
resource conservation
honeybee
bumblebee
green inputs
