摘要
风电场建设前需进行风资源测量,但由于受复杂地形和环境因素的影响,风电机组在运行后其实际输出功率往往达不到前期测风的预测效果。结合风电场实际运行工况,在保障计算可靠性的基础上解决风电场前期风资源测量不准确的问题,并对风电场风功率进行二次数值标定。采用改进算法并结合大涡模拟(Large Eddy Simulation,LES)方法,研究了复杂地形下环境因素、尾流特征、计算方法对风功率标定的影响。在基于离散方法LES计算方法中,使用了浸入边界法来模拟山地地形、地表粗糙度对气流的影响作用。研究和仿真结果表明,在地形尾流的模拟中发现山地尾迹中心轨迹在山顶下向下偏转;对于双山(复杂地形)的情况,气流的加速效应在尾流较低处存在较大差异,且风电机组的风轮会浸没在上游山地尾迹中;因复杂运行地形环境的影响,风电场风电机组输出功率性能差异较大,风电机组的功率性能受到上游山地的影响,随着地形起伏间距离增加呈先下降后上升的趋势。LES模拟计算结果与测风塔实测结果吻合度良好,对复杂环境下风电场建设具有一定的参考价值。
The measurement of wind resources is essential prior to the construction of wind farms;however,due to the influence of com-plex terrain and environmental factors,the actual output power of wind turbines often fails to meet the prediction effect of wind measure-ment in the early stage.Based on the actual operating conditions of the wind farm,the problem of inaccurate measurement of wind re-sources in the early stage of the wind farm was solved while ensuring the reliability of calculations,and the wind power of the wind farm was calibrated twice.An improved algorithm combined with Large Eddy Simulation(LES)methodology was employed to investigate the impact of environmental factors,wake characteristics,and calculation methods on wind power calibration in complex terrains.In the dis-crete LES calculation method,an immersed boundary approach was utilized to simulate the influence of mountainous terrain and surface roughness on airflow.Research and simulation results indicate that within a mountain′s wake region,there is a downward deflection a-long its central track towards its peak.In cases involving double-mountain topography(complex terrains),variations in airflow accelera-tion occur at different sections within the lower part of the wake;consequently,wind turbines become immersed within upstream mountain wakes.Due to the influence of complex terrain environments,the output power performance of wind turbines in wind farms varies greatly.The power performance of wind turbines is affected by upstream mountains,and shows a trend of first decreasing and then increasing with the increase of distance between terrain undulations.The LES simulation calculation results are in good agreement with the measured re-sults of the wind measurement tower,which has certain reference value for the construction of wind farms in complex environments.
作者
袁瑛
康巍
关新
Yuan Ying;Kang Wei;Guan Xin(China Quality Certification Center,Beijing 100070,China;Institute of New Energy,Shenyang Institute of Engineering,Shenyang 110136,China)
出处
《能源与环保》
2025年第9期114-122,128,共10页
CHINA ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
基金
2024年辽宁省教育厅科学研究经费项目(LJ212411632026,LJ242411632060)
2022年辽宁省科技厅面上项目(2022-MS-305)。
关键词
复杂地形
风功率
功率标定
LES
风电场尾流效应
complex terrain
wind power
power calibration
Large Eddy Simulation(LES)
wind farm wake effect
