摘要
通过单因素实验和分散式污水处理装置(decentralized wastewater treatment facilities,DWTF)的实际运行,探讨了气水比和水力停留时间(hydraulic retention time,HRT)对污染物去除效果的影响,并分析了不同HRT、不同温度下微生物群落的结构和多样性。结果表明,较长的HRT有利于提高微生物多样性,并促进硝化菌的富集生长,从而提高氨氮的去除效果;较短的HRT下球衣菌属占优势。同时,不同颜色生物膜显示出不同的微生物群落结构,且受温度影响显著。实际应用处理农村生活污水过程中,水温低于15℃时仍能获得较好的NH_(4)+^(-)N去除效果,水温低于8℃时,NH_(4)+^(-)N去除效果变差,需要采取加温措施。本研究结果为DWTF实际应用和推广提供了参考。
Through single-factor experiments and the actual operation of decentralized wastewater treatment facilities(DWTF),this study investigated the effects of air-to-water ratio and hydraulic retention time(HRT)on pollutant removal efficiency,while analyzing the structure and diversity of microbial communities under different HRTs and temperatures.The results revealed that longer HRT enhances microbial diversity and promotes the enrichment of nitrifying bacteria,thereby improving ammonia nitrogen(NH_(4)+^(-)N)removal efficiency,whereas shorter HRT favors the dominance of Sphaerotilus genus.Additionally,biofilms of different colors exhibited distinct microbial community structures,which were significantly influenced by temperature.During the treatment of rural domestic wastewater,satisfactory NH_(4)+^(-)N removal was achieved even at temperatures below 15℃;however,when temperatures dropped below 8℃,removal efficiency declined,necessitating heating measures.These findings provide practical guidance for the optimization and broader application of DWTFs.
作者
马林
王香莲
陈凯
贾春芳
杜仲
胡清
MA Lin;WANG Xianglian;CHEN Kai;JIA Chunfang;DU Zhong;HU Qing(HD Environmental Consortium,Beijing 100083,China;School of Environmental Science and Engineering,Southern University of Science and Technology,Shenzhen 518055,China;State Key Laboratory of Soil Pollution Control and Safety,Southern University of Science and Technology,Shenzhen 518055,China*Corresponding author,E-mail:huq@sustech.edu.cn)
出处
《环境工程学报》
北大核心
2025年第8期1901-1912,共12页
Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering
关键词
分散式污水处理装置
生物膜法
水力停留时间
微生物多样性
污染物去除效果
decentralized wastewater treatment facilities
biofilm process
hydraulic retention time
microbial diversity
pollutant removal efficiency
