摘要
体育中考政策关乎中小学生体质健康和全面发展,是学校体育高质量发展的重要保障。运用文献资料法、逻辑分析法,以历史制度主义为理论视角和方法论阐释体育中考政策变迁的制度困境及其成因,并提出纾解路径。研究认为,体育中考政策变迁的制度困境主要体现为:在“考什么”方面存在政策要求与行动逻辑的矛盾张力,在“怎么考”方面存在结果性评价与过程性评价的矛盾张力,在“怎样改”方面存在提高分值权重与避免过度竞争的矛盾张力。其成因源自深层结构上的政府责权结构失衡、资源配置体制桎梏、文化价值观念羁绊,路径依赖上的地方政府规避政策风险成本递增、学校难以摆脱利益博弈、家庭投入与回报的应试效益考量。据此,提出纾解路径:深化教育体制机制改革,消解政策变迁的外部阻力;优化考试评价机制,激发执行主体的内在动力;突破执行主体有限理性,提升政策执行的协作效力。
The policy of high school entrance examination on physical education is related to the physical health of primary and secondary school students and their all-round development,which is an important guarantee for the high-quality development of school physical education.This study employs the methods of literature review and logical analysis,and takes historical institutionalism as the theoretical perspective and methodology to explain the institutional dilemmas and its causes of the policy change of high school entrance examination on physical education,and proposes the resolution paths.It suggests that the institutional dilemmas of the policy change of high school entrance examination on physical education mainly manifest as follows:contradictions and tensions between policy requirements and action logic regarding“what to examine”,between result-based evaluation and process-based evaluation concerning“how to examine”,and between increasing the weight of scores and avoiding excessive competition in terms of“how to reform”.The causes stem from the imbalance of the government's responsibility and authority structure at the deep level,the shackles of the resource allocation system,and the constraints of cultural values and concepts;and from the increasing cost of local governments avoiding policy risks in path dependence,the difficulty for schools to escape the interest game,and the exam-oriented benefit consideration of family input and return.Accordingly,the following resolution paths are proposed:deepening the reform of education system and mechanisms to dissolve the external resistance of policy change;optimizing the examination and evaluation mechanisms to motivate the internal drive of the implementing entities;and transcending the bounded rationality of the implementing entities to enhance the collaborative efficacy of policy implementation.
作者
高守东
阮成武
GAO Shoudong;Ruan Chengwu(School of Physical Education,Anhui Normal University,Wuhu 241003,Anhui,China;School of Educational Science,Anhui Normal University,Wuhu 241000,Anhui,China)
出处
《沈阳体育学院学报》
北大核心
2025年第5期45-51,共7页
Journal of Shenyang Sport University
基金
国家社会科学基金一般项目“新时代美好生活观引领的高质量教育发展进路”(21BKS018)。
关键词
体育中考政策
历史制度主义
动力机制
深层结构
路径依赖
policy of high school entrance examination on physical education
historical institutionalism
driving mechanism
deep structure
path dependence
