摘要
为探究云南大豆新品种在大豆玉米带状间作模式下的最佳种植密度,文章以云黄14、云黄15为试验材料,在大豆玉米3∶2带状间作模式下,种植密度设置为12万、15万、18万及21万株/hm^(2),探究不同种植密度对大豆农艺性状及产量的影响。结果表明,2个大豆品种间作产量差异显著,种植密度对间作产量影响显著,且品种与种植密度存在显著互作效应。相关性分析表明,大豆株高、节间长度与种植密度呈正相关;有效分枝数、单株有效荚数等产量构成因子与种植密度呈负相关。表明高种植密度不利于单株产量提升。灰色关联度分析表明,单株有效荚数、百粒重、单株粒数对产量影响较大。对2个大豆品种农艺性状及产量进行比较分析表明,随着种植密度增加,云黄14和云黄15株高和节间长度均呈升高趋势,单株有效荚数、每荚粒数、单株粒数、单株产量和百粒重均呈下降趋势,产量呈先升后降趋势。种植密度为18万株/hm^(2)时,云黄14产量最高;种植密度为15万株/hm^(2)时,云黄15产量最高。综上,云黄14耐密性和高产潜力更佳。
To explore the optimal planting density of new soybean varieties in Yunnan under the soybean-maize strip intercropping system,this study used Yunhuang 14 and Yunhuang 15 as experimental materials.Under the 3:2 soybean-maize strip intercropping system,the planting densities were set at 120000,150000,180000 and 210000 plants per hectare to investigate their effects on the agronomic traits and yield of soybeans.The results showed that there were significant differences in intercropping yields between the two soybean varieties,and the planting density had a significant impact on the intercropping yield.Moreover,there was a significant interaction effect between the variety and the density.Correlation analysis indicated that the plant height and internode length of soybeans were positively correlated with the planting density,while the number of effective branches per plant,the number of effective pods per plant,and other yield components were negatively correlated with the planting density,suggesting that high planting density was not conducive to the increase in individual plant yield.Grey relational analysis showed that the number of effective pods per plant,100-seed weight,and the number of seeds per plant had a greater impact on yield.By comparing the agronomic traits and yield of the two soybean varieties,it was found that as the planting density increased,the plant height and internode length of Yunhuang 14 and Yunhuang 15 both showed an increasing trend,while the number of effective pods per plant,the number of seeds per pod,the number of seeds per plant,the yield per plant,and the 100-seed weight all showed a decreasing trend.The yield showed an initial increase followed by a decrease.Among them,Yunhuang 14 achieved the highest yield at a planting density of 180000 plants per hectare,while Yunhuang 15 achieved the highest yield at a planting density of 150000 plants per hectare.In conclusion,Yunhuang 14 had better tolerance to high planting density and higher yield potential.
作者
谢镕洲
张亮
崔兴洪
胡家权
董林波
韩玉芝
孙淳皓
赵银月
XIE Rongzhou;ZHANG Liang;CUI Xinghong;HU Jiaquan;DONG Linbo;HAN Yuzhi;SUN Chunhao;ZHAO Yinyue(Crop Research Institute,Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Kunming 650205,China;Agricultural Technology Extension Center of Huize County,Huize 654200,Yunnan,China;AgriculturalTechnology Extension Center of Qilin District,Qujing 655000,Yunnan,China)
出处
《大豆科技》
2025年第5期17-24,共8页
Soybean Science & Technology
基金
国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项项目(CARS-04-CES29)
农业生物育种重大项目(2023ZD0403404)。
关键词
大豆玉米带状间作
种植密度
农艺性状
产量
Soyben-maize strip intercropping
Planting density
Agronomic traits
Yield
