摘要
为探究施氮水平和间作甘薯对烤烟生长、叶片光合特性及氮代谢酶活性的影响,以烤烟LY1306和普薯32为试验材料,通过盆栽试验模拟田间种植。试验设置2种种植模式(烤烟单作A1和烤烟甘薯间作A2),4个氮肥水平(N0,不施氮肥;N1,0.64 g·盆^(-1);N2,0.80 g·盆^(-1);N3,0.96 g·盆^(-1)),共8个处理,研究了不同处理下烤烟农艺性状、根系形态参数、叶片光合特性与氮代谢酶活性的差异。结果表明,移栽后60 d,在同一氮肥水平下,烤烟间作甘薯下的烤烟较单作烤烟株高、最大叶面积、地上部干重、根干重、根尖数、根体积、SPAD值、净光合速率(P n)均提高了1.93%~10.24%、5.01%~14.23%、23.65%~45.83%、32.43%~53.75%、4.62%~16.74%、5.92%~27.82%、0.42%~6.28%和9.39%~32.55%,均于N2水平达到最大值,以上测定指标在N1水平下虽然低于N3水平,但均无显著差异。间作下烤烟叶片硝酸还原酶(NR)、谷氨酰胺合成酶(GS)活性较单作烤烟分别提高了3.93%~19.13%和3.03%~5.74%,且均随着施氮水平的增加呈逐渐上升的趋势并于N3水平达到最高值。在本试验条件下,施氮水平和种植模式对烤烟农艺性状、光合参数、氮代谢酶活性均有显著或极显著影响,而二者互作仅对根尖数、根体积、胞间CO_(2)浓度(C_(i))和蒸腾速率(T_(r))有显著或极显著影响。综合来看,在豫西旱地烟薯间作模式下,氮肥施用量在48~60 kg·hm^(-2)时就能满足间作条件下烤烟的正常生长发育需求。
To investigate the effects of nitrogen application levels and intercropping with sweet potato on the growth,leaf photosynthetic characteristics,and nitrogen metabolism enzyme activities of flue-cured tobacco,a pot experiment simulating field planting was conducted using flue-cured tobacco variety LY1306 and sweet potato variety Pushu 32.The experiment included two planting patterns(A1,flue-cured tobacco monoculture;A2,flue-cured tobacco and sweet potato intercropping)and four nitrogen application levels(N0,no nitrogen;N1,0.64 g·pot^(-1);N2,0.80 g·pot^(-1);N3,0.96 g·pot^(-1)),resulting in a total of 8 treatments.The differences in agronomic traits,root morphological parameters,leaf photosynthetic characteristics,and nitrogen metabolism enzyme activities of flue-cured tobacco under different treatments were studied.The results showed that on 60 days after transplanting,under the same nitrogen lapplication evel,compared with monocultured flue-cured tobacco,intercropped flue-cured tobacco exhibited increases in plant height,maximum leaf area,aboveground dry weight,root dry weight,root tip number,root volume,SPAD value,and net photosynthetic rate(P n),by 1.93%-10.24%,5.01%-14.23%,23.65%-45.83%,32.43%-53.75%,4.62%-16.74%,5.92%-27.82%,0.42%-6.28%,and 9.39%-32.55%,respectively.All these above measured parameters reached their maximum values at the N2 level.Although the values at the N1 level were lower than those at the N3 level,there were no significant differences between them.The activities of nitrate reductase(NR)and glutamine synthetase(GS)in the leaves of intercropped tobacco were 3.93%-19.13%and 3.03%-5.74% higher than those in monocultured flue cured tobacco,respectively,and both enzyme activities gradually increased with increasing nitrogen application rate,reaching their highest values at the N3 level.Under the conditions of this experiment,both nitrogen application level and planting pattern had significant or highly significant effects on the agronomic traits,photosynthetic parameters,and nitrogen metabolism enzyme activities of flue-cured tobacco.However,their interaction of two factors had a significant or highly significant effect only on root tip number,root volume,intercellular CO_(2) concentration(C_(i)),and transpiration rate(T_(r)).Overall,under the tobacco-sweet potato intercropping system in the rainfed areas of western Henan,a nitrogen application rate of 48-60 kg·hm^(-2) was sufficient to meet the normal growth and development requirements.
作者
张书豪
王玉洁
何冰
杜荆山
葛梦龙
王慧
和梦颖
焦念元
高佳凯
王艳芳
邓旭先
刘领
ZHANG Shuhao;WANG Yujie;HE Bing;DU Jingshan;GE Menglong;WANG Hui;HE Mengying;JIAO Nianyuan;GAO Jiakai;WANG Yanfang;DENG Xuxian;LIU Ling(College of Agriculture,Henan University of Science and Technology,Luoyang 471023,Henan;Luoyang Branch of Henan Provincial Tobacco Corporation,Luoyang 471000,Henan;Xuchang Branch of Henan Provincial Tobacco Corporation,Xuchang 461000,Henan;Luoyang Seed Industry Development Center,Luoyang 471000,Henan)
出处
《浙江农业科学》
2025年第9期2117-2125,共9页
Journal of Zhejiang Agricultural Sciences
基金
河南省重点研发与推广专项(科技攻关)(242102110209、212102110286、252102320074)
河南省烟草公司洛阳市公司项目(2022410300270071)
河南省烟草公司许昌市公司项目(2021411000240098)。
关键词
烤烟
甘薯
农艺性状
根系形态参数
光合特性
氮代谢酶活性
flue-cured tobacco
sweet potato
agronomic traits
root morphological parameters
photosynthetic characteristics
nitrogen metabolism enzyme activities
