摘要
维持性血液透析(maintenance hemodialysis, MHD)是终末期肾病(end stage renal disease,ESRD)的主要治疗方式之一,对于延长患者生命具有重要意义。但有研究发现维持性血液透析患者常伴随衰弱症状,且在该人群中发生率较高,并对维持性血液透析患者造成不良结局,与维持性血液透析患者骨折、跌倒、抑郁、高住院率等不良结局密切相关,严重影响了维持性血液透析患者的生活质量及预后。本文综述了衰弱概念的发展、国内外维持性血液透析患者衰弱的发生率、衰弱导致的死亡、住院、跌倒、骨折等不良结局,重点阐述了衰弱的主要影响因素及其研究进展,根据维持性血液透析患者衰弱的影响因素加强多方面有效的干预策略改善维持性血液透析患者衰弱水平,如改善透析管理、优化营养、增加体力活动、提供心理支持和增强社会支持,旨在为临床医护人员制定延缓维持性血液透析患者衰弱有效的干预策略提供参考依据。
Objective Maintenance hemodialysis(MHD)is one of the main treatment modalities for end stage renal disease(ESRD),which is important for prolonging patients'lives.Researth found that,maintenance haemodialysis patients were often accompanied by debilitating symptoms,and the incidence of debilitating symptoms was high in this population,thus causes poor outcomes for maintenance haemodialysis patients,and highly related to the poor outcomes of fractures,falls,depression,and high hospitalisation rate of maintenance haemodialysis patients,badly affects the quality of life and prognosis of maintenance haemodialysis patients.This paper reviews the development of the concept of frailty,the incidence of frailty in maintenance haemodialysis patients at home and abroad,the adverse outcomes such as death,hospitalization,fall,fracture,etc.caused by frailty,and focuses on the main influencing factors of frailty and the research progress,and strengthens the multi-faceted and effective intervention strategies to improve the level of frailty in maintenance haemodialysis patients according to the influencing factors of maintenance haemodialysis patients'frailty,such as improving dialysis management,optimising nutrition,increasing physical activity,providing psychological support and enhancing social support,with the aim of providing reference for clinical staffto formulate effective intervention strategies to delay maintenance haemodialysis patients'frailty.
作者
尹艳茹
杨阳
任建坤
李敬哲
苏伟伟
高雅琪
YIN Yanru;YANG Yang;REN Jiankun;LI Jingzhe;SU Weiwei;GAO Yaqi(Hebi Polytechnic,Hebi 458030,China)
出处
《护理实践与研究》
2025年第10期1510-1516,共7页
Nursing Practice and Research
基金
2025年度河南省高校人文社会科学研究项目(编号:2025-ZDJH-584)
2023年鹤壁职业技术学院校级创新团队:智慧康养居家养护用品研发与应用创新团队(编号:2023ZK04)。
关键词
维持性血液透析
衰弱
影响因素
综述
不良结局
Maintenance hemodialysis
Frailty
Influencing factors
Review
Adverse outcome
