摘要
【目的】针对黄河水源地水资源供应与节水能力不足等问题,开展黄河流域15个饮用水源地水质评价,为优化黄河水资源管理提供科学基础。【方法】依托智慧水务技术平台,采用熵权法与层次分析法相结合的组合赋权模糊综合评价方法,选取溶解氧、化学需氧量、氨氮等16项核心指标,对2022—2024年黄河水源地水质进行动态评估,并基于评价结果提出优化策略。【结果】①模糊综合评价结果的准确度达96.85%,该评价方法科学可靠,可有效支撑黄河水源地水质动态监测。②黄河流域15个水源地水质以Ⅱ、Ⅲ类为主,满足饮用水源地基本要求,但存在显著时空差异。③空间上,中游受产业与农业活动影响,污染严重,水质整体较差;时间上,水质呈现一定的季节性规律,部分断面汛期因径流增加水质改善,非汛期因污水治理能力受限而污染负荷凸显。【结论】基于智慧水务的组合赋权模糊综合评价方法可有效支撑黄河水源地水质动态监测。建议未来应构建“监测-评价-管理”一体化治理体系,推动黄河流域水资源管理向智能化、集约化转型,为黄河流域高质量发展提供技术支撑。
【Objective】In view of the shortage of water supply and water saving capacity in the Yellow River water source area,the water quality assessment of 15 drinking water sources in the Yellow River Basin was carried out to provide a scientific basis for optimizing the water resources management of the Yellow River.【Methods】Based on the smart water management technology platform,this study used a combination weighting fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method integrating the entropy weight method and analytic hierarchy process to select 16 core indicators such as dissolved oxygen,chemical oxygen demand,and ammonia nitrogen.The water quality was dynamically evaluated from 2022 to 2024,and optimization strategies were proposed based on the evaluation results.【Results】(1)The accuracy of the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation results reached 96.85%.The evaluation method was scientific and reliable,and could effectively support the dynamic monitoring of water quality in the Yellow River water source area.(2)The water quality of 15 water sources in the Yellow River Basin was mainly ClassⅡand ClassⅢ,which met the basic requirements of drinking water sources,but there were significant spatiotemporal differences.(3)Spatially,the middle reaches were affected by industrial and agricultural activities,with serious pollution and poor water quality.In terms of time,the water quality showed a certain seasonal pattern.In some sections,the water quality was improved due to the increase of runoff in the flood season,and the pollution load was highlighted in the nonflood season due to the limited sewage treatment capacity.【Conclusion】The combination weighting fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method based on intelligent water affairs proposed in this study can provide effective support for the dynamic monitoring of water quality in the Yellow River water source area.It is recommended that an integrated management system of″monitoring-evaluation-management″be established in the future to promote the intelligent and intensive transformation of water resources management in the Yellow River Basin,thereby providing technical support for the high-quality development in the region.
作者
李永芳
张宁博
LI Yongfang;ZHANG Ningbo(Yellow River Conservancy Commission River and Lake Protection and Construction Operation Safety Center,Zhengzhou 450003,China;North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power,Zhengzhou 450046,China)
出处
《华北水利水电大学学报(自然科学版)》
北大核心
2025年第5期110-118,共9页
Journal of North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power:Natural Science Edition
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(42007356)。
关键词
黄河水源地
智慧水务
组合赋权法
水质动态评价
优化策略
Yellow River water source area
smart water management
combination weighting method
dynamic evaluation of water quality
optimization strategy
