摘要
为明确微生物菌剂与羊板粪配施,对退化高寒草甸土壤真菌物种组成、群落多样性及功能结构的影响,以三江源区中度退化高寒草甸为研究对象,采用高通量测序、相关性分析和FUNGuild功能预测技术,分析了菌剂与羊板粪配施后其植物群落特征和土壤真菌群落特征变化.结果表明:微生物菌剂和羊板粪配施处理下,其他植物群落地上生物量、地下生物量、盖度和Shannon-Wiener多样性指数均较CK处理(Y0K0)显著增加,Y1K1(羊板粪:1500kg/hm^(2),菌剂:250kg/hm^(2))、Y2K1(羊板粪:3000kg/hm^(2),菌剂:250kg/hm^(2))、Y3K1处理(羊板粪:6000kg/hm^(2),菌剂:250kg/hm^(2))显著提高了Shannon-Wiener多样性和生物量.微生物菌剂和羊板粪配施处理下,其他土壤真菌群落OTU数目、Shannon指数、Ace指数、Chao1指数和Pielou指数较CK处理显著增加,真菌网络复杂程度提高,且网络以正相关关系为主.草地土壤子囊菌门、被孢霉门、担子菌门是高寒退化草地根际真菌群落的关键物种.冗余分析结果显示,12个处理中真菌群落结构与SEC(土壤电导率)呈现显著相关性(P<0.05),土壤真菌群落结构与植物群落特征、土壤理化特征在第Ⅰ和Ⅱ轴的解释率分别为33.46%和7.74%,SEC是驱动高寒退化草地根际真菌群落改变的主要驱动因子.与CK处理(Y0K0)相比,微生物菌剂和羊板粪配施处理可显著提高土壤真菌中未知真菌、内生-凋落物腐生-土壤腐生-未定义腐生真菌丰度,降低未定义腐生真菌、动物病原-粪便腐生-植物内生-植物外生-凋落物腐生-木头腐生真菌和动物病原-未定义腐生真菌的丰度.综上,微生物菌剂与羊板粪配施可促进退化高寒草甸土壤真菌恢复,改善土壤真菌区系,且以每公顷施用羊板粪3000kg、微生物菌剂250kg处理效果最好.
This study attempted to clarify the effects of microbial inoculants combined with sheep manure on species composition,community diversity,and functional structure of soil fungi in a moderately degraded alpine meadow in the source region of“Three Rivers”.The changes in plant community and soil fungal community characteristics in the meadow after fertilization with both microbial agents and sheep manure were analyzed using high-throughput sequencing,correlation analysis,and FUNGuild function prediction techniques.The results showed that:Aboveground biomass,underground biomass,coverage and Shannon-Wiener diversity index of the plant community were significantly increased compared with the control(Y0K0).The YK1(sheep manure:1500kg/hm^(2),microbial inoculum:250kg/hm^(2)),Y2K1(sheep manure:3000kg/hm^(2)).Microbial agent:250kg/hm^(2),and Y3K1treatment(sheep manure:6000kg/hm^(2),microbial agent:250kg/hm^(2))all significantly improved plant diversity and biomass;Compared with the control,the number of OTU,Shannon index,Ace index,Chao1index and Pielou index of the soil fungal community were significantly increased aftr fertilization with both microbial inoculum and sheep manure,with improved fungal network complexity,and a mostly positively correlated network.Ascomycetes,Mortierella and Basidiomycetes were identified as the key species of the rhizosphere fungi community in the degraded alpine meadow;Redundancy analysis revealed a significant correlation between fungal community structure and soil electrical conductivity in all the 12 treatments(P<0.05).The first and second axes achieved an explanatory rate of 33.46%and 7.74%in characterizing the fungal and plant community structure and soil physical and chemical traits,respectively,and SEC was identified as the main factor driving the change of the rhizosphere fungal community in the degraded alpine meadow;Compared with the control(Y0K0),all fertilization treatments increased the abundance of Unkdown fungi,Endophyte-Litter Saprotroph-Soil Saprotroph-Undefined Saprotroph while reducing Undefined Saprotroph,Animal Pathogen-Dung Saprotroph.Endophyte-Epiphyte-Plant Saprotroph-Wood Saprotropl and Animal Pathogen-Undefined Saprotroph.To sum up,all fertilization treatments using both microbial agents and sheep manure promoted the recovery of soil fungi in the degraded alpine meadow and improved soil fungal flora,with the Y2K1treatment(3000kg sheep manure plus 250kg microbial agents per hectare)being the most effective.
作者
高佩
李希来
张静
柴瑜
李成一
李鑫慧
王玥
赵筱妍
苗金花
GAO Pei;LI Xi-lai;ZHANG Jing;CHAI Yu;LI Cheng-yi;LI Xin-hui;WANG Yue;ZHAO Xiao-yan;MIAO Jin-hua(State Key Laboratory of Sanjiangyuan Ecology and Plateau Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Jointly Built by the Provincial Department,Qinghai University,Xining 810016,China;College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry,Qinghai University,Xining 810016,China)
出处
《中国环境科学》
北大核心
2025年第10期5823-5835,共13页
China Environmental Science
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(U21A20191)
青海省科学技术厅项目(2023-QY-210)
高等学校学科创新引智计划项目(D18013)。
关键词
真菌群落结构
植物群落
三江源区
高通量测序
微生物菌剂添加
microbial agent supplement
fungal community structure
plant community
high-throughput sequencing
Three-River source region
