摘要
开展城轨高架沿线建筑外墙的隔声测试,获取不同窗/墙形式外墙的隔声特性。忽略侧向传声的影响,基于窗墙组合构件模型进行建筑隔声模拟。为确保模拟结果的准确性,首先进行单构件的隔声模拟,并与实测隔声曲线进行对比,以确定关键参数取值;随后进行窗墙组合构件的隔声模拟,通过与实测结果对比,确定主要计算参数及声学边界处理方法。列车通过时,建筑外墙的实测平均隔声量为16.4~35.2 dB(A),其中在80~100 Hz出现显著的隔声低谷;与墙型相比,窗型对建筑隔声量的影响更大;窗户气密性是影响隔声效果最主要的因素。模拟值与实测值在500 Hz以下频段较为吻合,但在500 Hz以上中高频段存在差异。为此,结合实际考虑缝隙漏声的影响,对带缝隙的窗墙组合构件进行隔声模拟。结果表明,缝隙的存在显著降低高频段的隔声量,当考虑窗户缝隙时模拟结果与实测值趋于一致。
The noise test was conducted in buildings in vicinity of the urban rail viaducts,and the sound insulation characteristics of various type walls and windows of the buildings were obtained.Numerical simulation was performed employing a model including wall and windows based on the assumption that the lateral sound transmission effects could be ignored.To ensure the accuracy of the simulation results,individual component simulation was firstly conducted,and the results were compared with those of the measurement test to determine the key simulation parameters.Secondly,simulations were conducted based on the wall-window model,and parameters and acoustical boundary conditions were determined according to the measured results.Results show that the measured sound insulation levels of exterior wall ranges from 16.4 dB(A)to 35.2 dB(A)during train passage,and the minimum value occurs in the range of 80-100 Hz.The effect of window types wall is more significant than exterior wall in sound insulation.Air tightness plays key role in sound insulation.The simulated values agree well with the measured values below 500 Hz;however,for higher frequencies above 500Hz,noticeable discrepancy can be observed.Finally,considering the effect of sound leakage in the previous model,simulation of the wallwindows combination model with chinks was performed.Results indicate that gaps between widows can significantly reduce the sound insulation levels in the high-frequency range.When considering the effect of gaps of the windows,simulation results are in a good agreement with the measurement ones.
作者
刘魁刚
姚存勖
陈嘉梁
华针
何卫
LIU Kuigang;YAO Cunxu;CHEN Jialiang;HUA Zhen;HE Wei(Beijing MTR Construction Administration Corporation,Beijing 100068,China;Beijiao Zane Rail Technology(Beijing)Co.,Ltd,Beijing 101111,China;Faculty of Engineering,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan 430074,China)
出处
《噪声与振动控制》
北大核心
2025年第5期209-214,305,共7页
Noise and Vibration Control
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(51508431)。
关键词
声学
轨道交通高架线
隔声量
窗墙组合构件
实测
有限元分析
acoustics
elevated rail transit
sound insulation
wall with window component
field measurement
finite element analysis
