摘要
[目的]为探究生物炭协同硝化/脲酶抑制剂配施及秸秆覆盖等管理措施在野外原位条件下对茶园氮磷淋失的影响,以期为茶园的氮磷淋失阻控提供科学依据。[方法]以亚热带地区红壤丘陵茶园为研究对象,通过设置不施肥(CK)、常规施肥(CON)、生物炭添加(BC)、生物炭+硝化/脲酶抑制剂(BNI)和秸秆覆盖(RS)共5个处理。在1 a的观测期间内监测土壤理化性质变化及自然降雨条件下各处理淋溶液氮磷流失。[结果]观测期间,相较于CON处理,BNI处理土壤铵态氮和硝态氮质量分数最高且分别高出2.8%和72.8%。BNI处理土壤中铵态氮和硝态氮质量分数较高,可促进淋溶液中总氮浓度的提高。各处理土壤氮磷淋溶主要发生于春夏多雨时期,BC处理淋溶系数最高,为24.3%,RS处理淋溶系数最低,为8.3%。对淋溶液总氮流失量,BNI处理(275.0 kg/hm^(2))最高,RS处理(65.9 kg/hm^(2))最低;对淋溶液总磷流失量,其流失形态以颗粒态磷为主,BC处理(201.5 g/hm^(2))最高,RS处理(32.4 g/hm^(2))最低。相较于CON处理,RS处理淋溶液总氮流失量减少43.6%;BNI和RS处理淋溶液总磷流失量分别降低39.1%和77.2%。[结论]结合茶园土壤植物可利用养分含量及氮磷淋失的阻控能力,秸秆覆盖是减少茶园氮磷流失有效的管理措施。
[Objective]To investigate the effects of biochar combined with nitrification/urease inhibitors and straw mulching on nitrogen and phosphorus leaching under in situ field conditions,aiming to provide scientific evidence for controlling nitrogen and phosphorus leaching in tea plantations.[Methods]A red soil hillslope tea plantation in the subtropical region was selected as the study area.Five treatments were established:no fertilization(CK),conventional fertilization(CON),biochar addition(BC),biochar combined with nitrification/urease inhibitors(BNI),and straw mulching(RS).Over a one-year observation period,changes in soil physicochemical properties and leaching losses of nitrogen and phosphorus under natural rainfall conditions were monitored.[Results]During the observation period,compared to the CON treatment,the BNI treatment exhibited the highest soil ammonium nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen mass fractions,which were 2.8% and 72.8%higher,respectively.The higher ammonium nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen levels in the BNI treatment led to an increase of total nitrogen concentration in the leaching solution.Soil nitrogen and phosphorus leaching primarily occurred during the rainy spring and summer seasons.The BC treatment showed the highest leaching coefficient at 24.3%,while the RS treatment had the lowest at 8.3%.For total nitrogen loss in leaching solution,the BNI treatment(275.0 kg/hm^(2))was highest,and the RS treatment(65.9 kg/hm^(2))was the lowest.For total phosphorus loss,particulate phosphorus was the dominant form of loss,with the BC treatment yielding the highest loss(201.5 g/hm^(2))and the RS treatment the lowest(32.4 g/hm^(2)).Compared with the CON treatment,the RS treatment reduced total nitrogen loss in leaching solution by 43.6%,while the BNI and RS treatments decreased total phosphorus loss by 39.1%and 77.2%,respectively.[Conclusion]Considering both soil plant-available nutrient content and the effectiveness in controlling nitrogen and phosphorus leaching,straw mulching is an effective management practice for reducing nitrogen and phosphorus losses in tea plantations.
作者
廖启元
李粤丰
詹慧秀
童成立
方贤滔
王聪
吴金水
沈健林
LIAO Qiyuan;LI Yuefeng;ZHAN Huixiu;TONG Chengli;FANG Xiantao;WANG Cong;WU Jinshui;SHEN Jianlin(Guangxi Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Conservation,State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources,College of Forestry,Guangxi University,Nanning 530004,China;Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region,Institute of Subtropical Agriculture,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Changsha 410125,China)
出处
《水土保持学报》
北大核心
2025年第5期116-127,共12页
Journal of Soil and Water Conservation
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFD1700801)
国家自然科学基金项目(42477378,42161144002)。
关键词
生物炭
硝化抑制剂
脲酶抑制剂
秸秆覆盖
茶园
淋溶
养分流失
biochar
nitrification inhibitor
urease inhibitor
straw mulching
tea plantation
leaching
nutrient loss
