摘要
【目的】齿轮箱在风电机组故障中占比最高,导致风力发电机的停机时间也最长,严重制约着风力发电技术的进一步提高。为了有效应对该问题,针对大型风力发电机组齿轮箱18CrNiMo7-6平行中间级断裂齿轮的失效问题展开了分析。【方法】首先,使用金属元素分析仪、金相显微镜和扫描电镜对断口化学成分及微观形貌进行分析;其次,利用拉伸试验机和冲击试验机对其进行力学性能分析;最后,通过查阅资料等方式对其设计及运行环境进行分析。【结果】试验分析结果表明,齿轮化学成分和金相组织、机械强度、塑性及冲击韧性指标均符合相关标准要求,轮齿失效机制为起源于次表层渗碳层底部的疲劳开裂,疲劳的诱发产生与原材料非金属夹杂偏聚(氧化铝类)有关,非金属夹杂的存在造成轮齿局部微观结构不连续,从而引起应力集中和疲劳源的产生。
[Objective]Gearboxes account for the highest proportion of wind turbine failures,leading to the longest downtime of wind turbines and severely restricting the further improvement of wind power generation technology.In order to effectively address this issue,the analysis was conducted on the failure problem of the parallel intermediate stage broken gear of the 18CrNiMo7-6 gearbox in large wind turbines.[Methods]Firstly,the chemical composition and microscopic morphology of the fracture surface were analyzed by use of metal element analyzer,metallographic microscope and scanning electron microscope.Secondly,the mechanical properties were analyzed by means of tensile testing machine and impact testing machine.Finally,the design and operating environment were analyzed through the investigation and the reference of many related documents.[Results]It is found that the chemical composition,metallographic structure,mechanical strength,plasticity and toughness indicators conform to the relevant standards.The failure mechanism of gear is fatigue cracking that originates from the bottom of carburized layer.The non-metallic inclusion such as aluminium oxide is enriched on the sub-surface of gear teeth,producing local structural discontinuity and formation of stress concentration and fatigue source.
作者
李衍标
谷树超
段鹏
唐彬
LI Yanbiao;GU Shuchao;DUAN Peng;TANG Bin(Northwest Company,Shanghai Electric Power Co.,Ltd.,Longnan 746099,China;Shanghai Minghua Electric Power Science&Technology Co.,Ltd.,Shanghai 200090,China;Shanghai Caojing Cogeneration Co.,Ltd.,Shanghai 201507,China)
出处
《机械传动》
北大核心
2025年第10期125-132,共8页
Journal of Mechanical Transmission
关键词
风力发电
齿轮箱
失效分析
非金属夹杂
Wind power generation
Gearbox
Failure analysis
Non-metallic inclusion
