摘要
RNA生物农药被称为农药史上的又一次革命,是一种基于RNA干扰技术开发的新型生物农药,其核心成分是双链RNA。外源双链RNA进入生物体后,被酶切为小干扰RNA,小干扰RNA与一种由多分子组成的RNA诱导沉默复合体结合,其反义链找到与其碱基互补的信息RNA序列并将其切割降解,达到抑制目标基因表达的作用。RNA生物农药具有靶标专一性强、靶标种类广、开发周期短、生物安全和生态安全可控等优势。介绍了RNA生物农药的原理与优势、研发进展、产业化现状,分析了其中存在问题并提出了相关建议,旨在为我国RNA生物农药发展提供指导。
RNA biopesticides,hailed as another revolution in the history of pesticides,are a novel class of biopesticides developed based on RNA interference(RNAi)technology.Their core component is double-stranded RNA(dsRNA).Once exogenous dsRNA enters an organism,it is cleaved by enzymes into small interfering RNA(siRNA).The siRNA then combines with the RNA-induced silencing complex(RISC),a multi-molecular assembly,where the antisense strand guides the complex to complementary messenger RNA(mRNA)sequences,leading to their cleavage and degradation.This process effectively suppresses the expression of target genes.RNA biopesticides offer significant advantages,including high target specificity,broad applicability across diverse pest species,short development cycles,and controllable biosafety and environmental safety profiles.This article outlined the principles and strengths of RNA biopesticides,reviewed recent progress in their research and development,examined the current state of industrialization,analyzed existing challenges,and offered recommendations,aiming to provide guidance for the advancement of RNA biopesticides in China.
作者
王一诺
张学志
苗雪霞
关若冰
李海超
WANG Yinuo;ZHANG Xuezhi;MIAO Xuexia;GUAN Ruobing;LI Haichao(State Key Laboratory of Plant Trait Design,CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences,Shanghai 200032,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;Shanghai Plant Science Biotechnology Co.,Ltd.,Shanghai 201815,China;College of Plant Protection,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450002,Henan,China)
出处
《世界农药》
2025年第9期7-13,共7页
World Pesticide
基金
上海市崇明区农业科技创新项目(2023CNKC-01-04)
2024年度长三角科技创新共同体联合攻关(基础研究)项目(2024CSJZN00900)
河南省科技攻关项目(252102111110)
河南省高等学校重点项目(25B210009)。
