摘要
随着城市化进程的加速和客流量的持续增长,地铁列车密闭客室的空气质量问题正日益成为公众关注的焦点。选取典型的地铁列车客室开展多源颗粒物扩散试验,利用6级采样仪和扬尘传感器监测颗粒物浓度,并提出基于强电场介质技术和冷等离子技术的空气净化策略。研究结果表明:由于地铁列车客室内流场均匀性较好,不同类型颗粒物均可通过空气传播的方式扩散到整个车厢,且客室两端空气中的颗粒物浓度差异少于20%。然而,颗粒物在空气中扩散的同时,车厢内物体表面上也出现了明显的颗粒物沉积现象,这可能对车厢日常清洁和维护带来潜在挑战。针对车厢内颗粒物的控制,研究验证了基于通风空调系统实施空气净化技术能有效降低长大空间室内生物气溶胶和非生物源细颗粒物浓度。在微生物气溶胶净化方面,强电场介质技术和冷等离子技术的平均实时除菌率分别为59.40%和44.98%。在非生物源细颗粒物控制方面,强电场介质技术和冷等离子技术的净化效率分别达到80%和90%。此外,尽管将强电场介质技术与冷等离子技术结合使用可进一步降低室内颗粒物浓度,但其净化效率的提升幅度不显著。研究结果可为地铁列车空调设施的优化设计与运行策略提供科学依据,并为改善车厢空气质量和保障乘客健康环境提供重要参考。
With the acceleration of urbanization and the continuous increase in passenger volume,indoor air quality in the confined spaces of subway trains has become an increasingly significant public health concern.In this study,multi-source particulate matter dispersion experiments were conducted in a typical subway train cabin,with particulate matter concentrations monitored using six-stage samplers and dust sensors.Two air purification strategies,based on intense field dielectric technology and dielectric barrier discharge technology,were proposed.The results indicate that,due to the relatively uniform airflow in the subway cabin,particulate matter of various types can diffuse throughout the entire car via airborne transmission,with a concentration difference of less than 20%between the two ends of the cabin.However,alongside the diffusion of particulate matter in the air,significant deposition of particles on the surfaces of objects within the cabin is also observed,which may pose challenges for maintaining cleanliness and hygiene in subway environments.To address the control of particulate matter in the cabin,the air purification technologies implemented through the ventilation and air-conditioning systems can effectively reduce the concentration of both bioaerosols and non-biological fine particulate matter in large indoor spaces.In terms of microbial aerosol purification,the average real-time sterilization rates of the intense field dielectric technology and dielectric barrier discharge technology are 59.40%and 44.98%,respectively.For the control of non-biological fine particulate matter,the purification rates of these technologies are 80%and 90%,respectively.Furthermore,although the combination of intense field dielectric technology and dielectric barrier discharge technology can further reduce particulate matter concentrations,the improvement in the purification rate is not statistically significant.The research findings can provide a scientific basis for the optimization design and operational strategies of subway train air conditioning systems,as well as valuable insights for improving cabin air quality and ensuring a healthy environment for passengers.
作者
于德壮
伍钒
徐任泽
余简慈
李恒奎
潘小旺
YU Dezhuang;WU Fan;XU Renze;YU Jianci;LI Hengkui;PAN Xiaowang(Key Laboratory of Traffic Safety on Track,Ministry of Education,School of Traffic&Transportation Engineering,Central South University,Changsha 410075,China;School of Civil Engineering,Changsha University,Changsha 410022,China;Locomotive Development Department,CRRC Dalian Co.,Ltd.,Dalian 116000,China)
出处
《铁道科学与工程学报》
北大核心
2025年第9期4182-4191,共10页
Journal of Railway Science and Engineering
基金
国家自然科学基金面上项目(52072413)
湖南省科技创新计划资助项目(2024RC3030)。
关键词
地铁列车客室
全尺寸试验
空气质量
细颗粒物
生物气溶胶
subway train cabin
full-scale experiment
indoor air quality
fine particulate matter
microbial aerosol
