摘要
钢铁行业作为高碳排放领域,其绿色低碳转型对实现“双碳”目标具有重大战略意义。氢能与钢铁流程的深度融合,尤其是氢冶金技术,通过以“氢”代“碳”还原,从根本上减少对碳元素的依赖,成为未来炼铁技术革新的重要方向。系统阐述了当前主流的氢冶金工艺技术及其实施路径,从原料获取与制备、核心反应机理、关键设备运用到工艺流程构建等多个维度进行归纳总结,全面评估了各工艺技术的特点、优势及局限性。重点聚焦河钢集团焦炉煤气零重整氢冶金示范项目(HyMEX),详细介绍了其工艺技术创新与运行实践。HyMEX项目成功将“焦炉煤气零重整直接还原技术”工程化应用,突破国际上采用天然气制备还原工艺气体的常规手段,成为目前工业化生产中含氢比例最高的气基竖炉直接还原工艺,为氢冶金技术的工业化应用树立了标杆。结合中国产业政策导向和资源禀赋特点,深入探讨了中国竖炉氢冶金的发展前景及可持续发展技术路径。作为全球最大的钢铁生产国,中国拥有丰富的焦炉煤气资源,这为氢冶金技术的规模化推广提供了独特的资源优势。未来,随着氢能产业链的不断完善和成本下降,氢冶金技术有望在中国实现大规模商业化应用,从而推动钢铁行业向绿色低碳方向加速转型,为实现“双碳”目标提供强有力的技术支撑。
As a high-carbon emission field, the green low-carbon transformation of the steel industry is of great strategic significance to achieve the goal of "double carbon". The deep integration of hydrogen energy and steel processes, especially hydrogen metallurgy technology, fundamentally reduces the dependence on carbon by replacing "hydrogen" with "carbon" reduction, and has become an important direction of future ironmaking technological innovation. The current mainstream multi-hydrogen metallurgy process technology and its implementation path are systematically described, in-depth analysis is carried out from multiple dimensions such as raw material acquisition and preparation, core reaction mechanism, key equipment application to process flow construction, and is the characteristics, advantages and limitations of each process technology comprehensively evaluated. The coke oven gas zero reforming hydrogen metallurgy demonstration project (HyMEX) of HBIS Group is focused on, and its process technology innovation and operation practice is introduced in detail. The HyMEX project successfully applied the "coke oven gas zero reforming direct reduction technology" engineering for the first time, breaking through the international conventional means of using natural gas to produce reduction process gas, and becoming the direct reduction process of gas-based shaft furnace with the highest proportion of hydrogen in industrial production, setting a benchmark for the industrial application of hydrogen metallurgy technology. Combining with China's industrial policy orientation and the characteristics of resource endowment, the development prospect and sustainable development technology path of shaft furnace hydrogen metallurgy in China is deeply discussed. As the world's largest steel producer, China has rich coke oven gas resources, which provides a unique resource advantage for the large-scale promotion of hydrogen metallurgy technology. In the future, with the continuous improvement of the hydrogen energy industry chain and the reduction of costs, hydrogen metallurgy technology is expected to achieve large-scale commercial application in China, so as to promote the steel industry to accelerate the transformation to the green and low-carbon direction, and provide strong technical support for the realization of the "double carbon" goal.
作者
王新东
韩星
钟金红
WANG Xindong;HAN Xing;ZHONG Jinhong(HBIS Group Co.,Ltd.,Shijiazhuang 050023,Hebei,China;Strategic Research Institute,HBIS Group,Shijiazhuang 050023,Hebei,China;Science and Technology Innovation Department,HBIS Group,Shijiazhuang 050023,Hebei,China)
出处
《钢铁》
北大核心
2025年第9期1-13,共13页
Iron and Steel
基金
国家重点研发计划资助项目(2024YFE0215000)。
关键词
低碳转型
竖炉
氢冶金
非高炉炼铁
钢铁
资源禀赋
HyMEX技术创新
双碳
low-carbon transition
shaft furnace
hydrogen metallurgy
non-blast furnace ironmaking
iron and steel
resource endowment
HyMEX technology innovation
double carbon
