摘要
目的了解某院药品不良反应(adverse drug reactions,ADR)发生特点及规律,为临床合理用药提供参考。方法收集2016至2021年某院358例ADR报告进行回顾分析,对ADR涉及的药物种类进行分类统计。结果一般ADR占比82.68%,严重ADR占比17.32%。医师呈报200人次,护士呈报133人次,药师呈报25人次。332例已知ADR,占比92.73%;新发ADR 26例,占比7.26%;无过敏史者153例,过敏史不详者185例,有过敏史者20例;部分患者对2种及以上药物过敏。358例中,男121例,女237例;年龄以60~69岁中老年人居多,其次是50~59岁、70岁以上。0~24 h内发生ADR占比60.61%,10.34%ADR发生时间构成比不详。引发ADR给药途径中静脉滴注例数最多,占比77.37%,其次为口服给药(10.60%)、静脉注射(4.47%)。引发ADR涉及的药物类别共21类,单一用药270例,合并用药88例。358例ADR共累及17种器官、系统损伤,以皮肤及皮肤附件疾病为主,其次是胃肠疾病、全身整体疾病。发生ADR后,5例未停药,231例停药并采取对症支持治疗,122例仅作停药处理。91.34%好转,8.66%痊愈,无死亡病例。结论ADR发生与多种因素有关,应加强抗菌药、心脑血管用药及中药注射剂管理,降低静脉输液,促进合理用药。
Objective To investigate the characteristics and regularity of adverse drug reactions(ADR)in a hospital,and to provide reference for clinical rational drug use.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on 358 ADR reports collected from a hospitals from 2016 to 2021,the types of drugs involved in ADR were classified and statistically analyzed.Results General ADR accounted for 82.68%,and severe ADR accounted for 17.32%.Doctors reported 200 times,nurses reported 133 times,and pharmacists reported 25 times.There were 332 cases of known ADR,accounting for 92.73%;there were 26 new ADR cases,accounting for 7.26%;there were 153 cases without allergic history,185 cases with unknown allergic history,and 20 cases with allergic history,some patients were allergic to two or more drugs.There were 121 males and 237 females in 358 cases,most of them were 60-69 years old,followed by 50-59 years old and over 70 years old.ADR occurred within 0-24 h was 60.61%,and the composition ratio of 10.34%ADR occurrence time was unknown.Among the routes of administration,intravenous drip was the most common route of administration,accounting for 77.37%;followed by oral administration(10.60%)and intravenous injection(4.47%).A total of 21 categories of drugs were involved in ADR,including 270 cases of single drug use and 88 cases of combined drug use.Among the 358 ADR cases,17 kinds of organ and system damage were involved,mainly skin and skin appendages diseases,followed by gastrointestinal diseases and systemic diseases.After the occurrence of ADR,5 cases were not discontinued,231 cases were treated with symptomatic and supportive treatment after drug withdrawal,and 122 cases were only discontinued.91.34%improved,8.66%recovered,and no deaths occurred.Conclusion The occurrence of ADR is related to various factors,it is necessary to strengthen the management of antibacterial drugs,cardio-cerebrovascular drugs and Traditional Chinese Medicine injection,reduce intravenous infusion and promote rational drug use.
作者
潘紫娟
陈浩龙
武淑芳
PAN Zijuan;CHEN Haolong;WU Shufang(Xi'an Jiaotong University,Xi'an,Shaanxi,710000,China;Shaanxi Railway Institute,Weinan,Shaanxi,714000,China;The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University,Xi'an,Shaanxi,710000,China)
出处
《当代医学》
2025年第8期20-25,共6页
Contemporary Medicine
关键词
药品不良反应
回顾性分析
合理用药
Adverse drug reactions
Retrospective analysis
Rational drug use
