摘要
我国盐碱地广泛分布并不断扩张,严重制约农业发展,选育大豆耐盐品种以便充分利用盐碱土进行大豆生产是同时解决环境问题和农业问题的双重理想策略。大豆是中度耐盐作物,在不同的生育阶段对盐碱害的敏感程度及响应机制不同。芽期的耐盐碱性对田间出苗质量及最终产量具有重要影响,但当前对大豆芽期的研究仍不够全面。因此,深入研究大豆芽期耐盐碱性对于提高大豆在盐碱土环境中的生长能力,增加大豆产量,以及推动农业可持续发展具有不可忽视的紧迫性和重要意义。本文综述国内外关于大豆芽期耐盐碱性的相关研究,主要集中在胁迫机制、分子遗传和耐盐应用3个方面,深入探讨盐碱胁迫对大豆芽期的生理伤害机制,总结大豆芽期耐盐QTL定位和耐盐基因研究的最新成果,并分析通过外源基因和内源基因改良大豆芽期盐碱耐性的应用实践,旨在通过本文为大豆相关研究和生产提供理论参考。
The widespread distribution and continuous expansion of saline-alkali soils in China severely restrict agricultural development.Breeding salt-tolerant soybean varieties to fully utilize saline-alkali soils for soybean production is an ideal strategy to simultaneously address both environmental and agricultural issues.Soybean is a moderately salt-tolerant crop,and its sensitivity to saline-alkali stress and response mechanisms vary at different growth stages.The salt tolerance at the germination stage has an important impact on field emergence quality and final yield.However,current research on the germination stage of soybean is still not comprehensive enough.Therefore,in-depth research on the salt tolerance of soybean at the germination stage is of undeniable urgency and great significance for improving soybean growth in saline-alkali environments,increasing soybean yield,and promoting sustainable agricultural development.This paper reviews relevant research on the salt tolerance of soybean at the germination stage both domestically and internationally,focusing mainly on three aspects:stress mechanisms,molecular genetics,and salt tolerance applications.It explores in depth the physiological damage mechanisms of saline-alkali stress on soybean at the germination stage,summarizes the latest achievements in the mapping of salt tolerance quantitative trait loci(QTL)and salt tolerance gene research at the germination stage of soybean,and analyzes the practical applications of improving salt tolerance at the germination stage of soybean through exogenous and endogenous genes.By summarizing these contents,this paper aims to provide theoretical references for soybean-related research and production.
作者
吕子淼
陈佳元
谢建国
王明亮
张云峰
辛大伟
王曙明
孟凡凡
蒋洪蔚
L Zimiao;CHEN Jiayuan;XIE Jianguo;WANG Mingliang;ZHANG Yunfeng;XIN Dawei;WANG Shuming;MENG Fanfan;JIANG Hongwei(College of Agriculture,Northeast Agricultural University,Harbin 150030,Heilongjiang,China;Soybean Research Institute,Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences(Northeast Agricultural Research Center of China),Changchun 130033,Jilin,China;College of Agriculture,Yanbian University,Yanji 133000,Jilin,China)
出处
《大豆科学》
北大核心
2025年第5期9-18,共10页
Soybean Science
基金
国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-04-PS08)。
关键词
大豆
芽期
耐盐
胁迫机制
遗传研究
soybean
germination stage
salt-tolerance
stress mechanism
genetic research
