摘要
以籼粳杂交稻甬优2640为材料,设置空白对照、喷施矮壮素、施用石膏3个处理,旨在阐明不同农艺措施对滨海盐碱地水稻产量和倒伏特性的影响。结果表明,与对照相比,喷施矮壮素对产量有增加的趋势,但差异不显著;施用石膏显著提高了水稻产量,增产主要归功于每穗粒数的提升。喷施矮壮素显著降低了水稻基部第一、第二和第三节间的倒伏指数,其原因主要是基部节间的抗折力提升和弯曲力矩下降。喷施矮壮素降低了水稻株高、重心高度和节间长,增加了节间粗度和茎壁厚度。从茎秆物质组成来看,喷施矮壮素显著增加了茎秆非结构性碳水化合物、木质素和纤维素的含量。施用石膏显著降低了水稻基部第一节间的倒伏指数,显著提升了水稻基部第一和第二节间的抗折力,对弯曲力矩有增加的趋势,增加了水稻基部节间长,从而提高了株高和重心高度。施用石膏增加了水稻基部节间的粗度和茎壁厚度,显著提升了茎秆非结构性碳水化合物、木质素、纤维素和钙离子的含量。综上,喷施矮壮素和施用石膏均可降低滨海盐碱地水稻倒伏的风险同时稳产。
Using an indica-japonica hybrid rice Yongyou 2640 as the material,three treatments of control,chlormequat chloride spray,and gypsum application were set up to explore the effects of different agronomic practices on rice yield and lodging characteristics in the coastal saline-alkali soils.The results showed that compared with the control,the spraying of chlormequat chloride had a tendency to increase yield,but the difference was not significant.The application of gypsum significantly increased the rice yield,with the increase mainly attributed to the rise in the number of grains per panicle.The spraying of chlormequat chloride significantly reduced the lodging index of the first,second and third internodes at the base of rice.The main reason for this was the increase of breaking resistance and the decrease of bending moment at the base internodes.Spraying chlormequat chloride reduced the plant height,center of gravity height and internode length of rice,while increasing the internode thickness and stem wall thickness.From the perspective of the material composition of the stems,spraying chlormequat chloride significantly increased the contents of non-structural carbohydrates,lignin and cellulose in the stems.The application of gypsum significantly reduced the lodging index of the first internode at the base of rice,significantly enhanced the breaking resistance of the first and second internodes at the base of rice,showed an increasing trend towards the bending moment,increased the internode length at the base of rice,and thereby increased plant height and center of gravity height.The application of gypsum increased internode diameter at the base of rice and the thickness of the stem wall,significantly enhancing the contents of non-structural carbohydrates,lignin,cellulose and Ca2+in the stems.Thus,spraying chlormequat chloride and applying gypsum can reduce the lodging risk in coastal saline-alkali soils while maintaining high rice yield.
作者
都晗萌
陈雨琼
刘若彤
陈英龙
戴其根
张洪程
廖萍
Du Hanmeng;Chen Yuqiong;Liu Ruotong;Chen Yinglong;Dai Qigen;Zhang Hongcheng;Liao Ping(Key Laboratory of Saline-Alkali Soil Reclamation and Utilization(Coastal Saline-Alkali Land)of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Research Institute of Rice Industrial Engineering Technology,Yangzhou University,Yangzhou 225009,Jiangsu,China)
出处
《作物杂志》
北大核心
2025年第5期29-34,共6页
Crops
基金
国家自然科学基金(32401969)
江苏省自然科学基金(BK20230565)
中国博士后科学基金(2022M722702)
国家重点研发计划(2023YFD2301300)
江苏省碳达峰碳中和科技创新专项基金(BE2022304)
江苏高校优势学科建设工程资助项目(PAPD)。
关键词
滨海盐碱土
水稻
产量
抗倒伏
矮壮素
石膏
Coastal saline-alkali soil
Rice
Yield
Lodging resistance
Chlormequat chloride
Gypsum
