摘要
目的分析黑龙江省哈尔滨市南岗区布鲁氏菌病(简称布病)报告病例的流行特征及其病例发现延迟情况,为完善有针对性的布病防控措施提供依据。方法自中国疾病预防控制信息系统收集2018—2022年哈尔滨市南岗区布病病例相关信息,对布病的流行概况、流行特征及病例来源进行描述性分析;应用集中度和季节指数法进行布病发病季节性分析;采用Joinpoint回归模型进行布病病例发现延迟变化趋势分析。结果2018—2022年南岗区共报告布病病例4428例,其中,2018年报告病例数最多,为1183例(26.72%);2022年最少,为528例(11.92%)。病例的男女性别比为2.80∶1.00(3264∶1164);发病年龄主要集中在30~59岁(73.19%,3241/4428);职业以农民为主(88.73%,3929/4428),其次为家务及待业人员(3.73%,165/4428)、学生(2.03%,90/4428)。病例来源,市内病例占31.48%(1394/4428);市外省内病例占64.97%(2877/4428),并以绥化市最多(38.89%,1722/4428);省外病例占3.55%(157/4428),来自内蒙古自治区和吉林省。布病发病总体季节性较弱(M=0.230),3—8月为布病的流行季,季节指数C均>100%,尤以7月最高(168.02%)。2018—2022年年均布病病例发现延迟率为20.14%(892/4428),各年度布病病例发现延迟率分别为30.68%(363/1183)、17.86%(200/1120)、17.23%(117/679)、12.75%(117/918)、17.99%(95/528),趋势检验差异无统计学意义(平均年度变化百分比=-17.52%,P=0.090)。结论哈尔滨市南岗区布病流行特征为季节性较弱,3—8月为布病流行季,存在布病病例发现延迟现象,应持续关注布病流行情况并实施多部门联动等综合防控措施。
ObjectiveTo analyze the epidemiological characteristics and delay in detection of reported brucellosis cases in Nangang District of Harbin City,Heilongjiang Province,in order to provide a basis for improving targeted measures for brucellosis prevention and control.MethodsData on brucellosis reported in Nangang District of Harbin City between 2018 and 2022 were obtained from the China Disease Prevention and Control Information System.A descriptive analysis was conducted to outline the epidemiological status,epidemiological features,and sources of cases.Seasonal patterns of brucellosis were assessed using the concentration degree and seasonal index methods.Joinpoint regression model was used to analyze the trend of delay in detection.ResultsFrom 2018 to 2022,a total of 4428 cases of brucellosis were reported in Nangang District,with 1183 cases(26.72%)reported in 2018 and 528 cases(11.92%)reported in 2022.The gender ratio of the cases was 2.80∶1.00(3264∶1164).Most cases occurred in individuals aged 30 to 59 years(73.19%,3241/4428).Occupationally,farmers comprised the majority of cases(88.73%,3929/4428),followed by homemakers/unemployed individuals(3.73%,165/4428),and students(2.03%,90/4428).Regarding case origin,31.48%(1394/4428)were from Harbin City,while 64.97%(2877/4428)originated from other cities within Heilongjiang Province,predominantly from Suihua City(38.89%,1722/4428).Additionally,157 cases(3.55%,157/4428)were reported from outside Heilongjiang Province,all of which were from Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and Jilin Province.Brucellosis incidence showed weak seasonality(M=0.230),with the epidemic period spanning from March to August.During this period,seasonal indices C exceeded 100%,peaking in July(168.02%).From 2018 to 2022,the average annual delay rate in case detection was 20.14%(892/4428).The delayed detection rates of brucellosis cases in each year were 30.68%(363/1183),17.86%(200/1120),17.23%(117/679),12.75%(117/918),and 17.99%(95/528),respectively(average annual percentage change=-17.52%,P=0.090).ConclusionsBrucellosis in Nangang District of Harbin Citydemonstrates weak seasonality,with peak incidence occurring from March to August.Detection delays remain a concern,highlighting the need for sustained surveillance and the implementation of integrated,multi-sectoral prevention and control measures.
作者
金德利
王陟煜
邹旭阳
魏梓如
江毓桦
何玉霞
李鑫
Jin Deli;Wang Zhiyu;Zou Xuyang;Wei Ziru;Jiang Yuhua;He Yuxia;Li Xin(Department of Epidemiology,School of Public Health,Harbin Medical University,Harbin 150086,China;Department of Endemic Diseases,Nangang District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Harbin 150040,China)
出处
《中华地方病学杂志》
北大核心
2025年第8期662-667,共6页
Chinese Journal of Endemiology
关键词
布鲁氏菌病
流行病学特征
发现延迟
Brucellosis
Epidemiological features
Delay in detection
