摘要
目的调查医疗机构地下工作场所中氡浓度所致放射工作人员年有效剂量,为地下场所室内氡防控提供科学依据。方法采用典型抽样法,在湖南、江西、贵州、湖北、四川等5个省份,每省抽取5~30家医疗机构作为调查对象,共抽取66家医疗机构66个监测点,使用CR-39固体核径迹探测器累积测量地下工作场所室内氡浓度,根据《室内氡及其子体控制要求》(GB/T 16146—2015)的方法估算其对放射工作人员的辐射剂量。对不同省份室内氡浓度差异采用Kruskal-Wallis H检验。结果所调查66家医疗机构地下工作场所室内氡浓度平均值为69.8 Bq/m^(3),最高为147.6 Bq/m^(3),其中四川、贵州、湖北、江西、湖南医疗机构地下工作场所室内氡浓度的平均值分别为72.1 Bq/m^(3)、83.2 Bq/m^(3)、66.6 Bq/m^(3)、88.4 Bq/m^(3)、61.5 Bq/m^(3),地下工作场所中氡浓度所致放射工作人员的年有效剂量0.57~0.83 mSv,均值为0.69 mSv。不同省份之间的氡浓度差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论所监测医疗机构地下工作场所室内氡浓度和人员受照剂量满足国家标准控制要求,但仍需持续监测并采取必要的室内氡防控措施。
Objective To investigate the annual effective doses to radiation workers caused by radon concentrations in the underground workplaces of medical institutions,and to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of indoor radon in underground places.Methods A typical sampling method was used to select 5-30 medical institutions in each of Hunan,Jiangxi,Guizhou,Hubei,and Sichuan provinces.A total of 66 monitoring points in 66 medical institutions were selected.The indoor radon concentrations in underground workplaces were measured cumulatively using CR-39 solid nuclear track detectors.The radiation dose to radiation workers was estimated according to the method outlined in the Requirements for control of indoor radon and its progeny(GB/T 16146—2015).The Kruskal-Wallis H test was used to compare the differences in indoor radon concentrations between different provinces.Results The average indoor radon concentration in the underground workplaces of 66 medical institutions was 69.8 Bq/m^(3),with the highest being 147.6 Bq/m^(3).The average indoor radon concentrations in the underground workplaces of medical institutions in Sichuan,Guizhou,Hubei,Jiangxi,and Hunan were 72.1,83.2,66.6,88.4,and 61.5 Bq/m^(3),respectively.The annual effective doses to radiation workers caused by radon concentrations in underground workplaces were 0.57-0.83 mSv,with an average of 0.69 mSv.There was a significant difference in radon concentrations among provinces(P<0.05).Conclusion The indoor radon concentrations and personnel exposure doses in the underground workplaces of monitored medical institutions comply with national control standards.However,continuous monitoring and necessary indoor radon prevention and control measures are still needed.
作者
朱国祯
姚美男
马加一
马永忠
马桥
ZHU Guozhen;YAO Meinan;MA Jiayi;MA Yongzhong;MA Qiao(Hunan Prevention and Treatment Institute for Occupational Disease,Changsha 410000,China;Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control,Beijing 100013,China;Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Nanjing 210028,China;School of Public Health,Capital Medical University,Beijing 100069,China;Sichuan Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Chengdu 610000,China)
出处
《中国辐射卫生》
2025年第4期489-493,共5页
Chinese Journal of Radiological Health
基金
2024年度中国疾控中心标准评估项目
北京市高层次公共卫生技术人才建设项目(学科带头人-01-20)
湖南省自然科学基金医卫行业联合基金(2025JJ80786)。
关键词
医疗机构
地下工作场所
室内氡
辐射剂量
Medical institution
Underground workplace
Indoor radon
Radiation dose
