摘要
【目的】油茶蛀干害虫是油茶的一类重大害虫,摸清其发生特点,弄清江西油茶林蛀干害虫的种类及其发生与林分结构的关系,有利于控制其危害。【方法】采用面上普查(踏查)与定点系统调查(标准地调查)相结合的方法,对江西具有代表性的人工油茶纯林、近野生老油茶林、油茶-茶间作林3种林分类型的油茶林进行了蛀干害虫种类及发生危害调查,并分析了其与林分结构的关系。【结果】江西油茶蛀干害虫有10种:油茶织蛾、茶梢蛾、茶木蛾、相思拟木蠹蛾、咖啡木蠹蛾、蓝翅天牛、红翅天牛、茶天牛、茶材小蠹和黑翅土白蚁。其中前8种为主要蛀干害虫,常局部发生严重。3种林分类型的油茶林蛀干害虫发生危害程度不同,油茶-茶间作林的蛀干害虫发生最为严重,油茶织蛾、茶梢蛾、蓝翅天牛、咖啡木蠹蛾、红翅天牛5种害虫为其优势害虫;近野生油茶林的蛀干害虫发生危害最轻,仅蓝翅天牛为其优势害虫;而人工油茶纯林的蛀干害虫发生程度则介于前两者之间,油茶织蛾、茶梢蛾、蓝翅天牛3种害虫为其优势害虫。林分结构(包括林分密度、郁闭度、林龄、林相等)是影响江西油茶蛀干害虫有虫株率的重要生态因子。整体而言,油茶蛀干害虫多偏向于林分密度低、郁闭度小的盛果林发生危害,有虫株率高;且林相整齐、生长良好的林分,多数蛀干害虫发生重,但不同的蛀干害虫危害习性不同,其发生数量与林分结构的关系也不同。【结论】不同林分结构的油茶林蛀干害虫发生危害程度均存在明显差异,实际生产中,应依据当地油茶林不同林分结构的优势蛀干害虫发生情况,提出有针对性的防控策略。
【Objective】The stem boring pests were the major pest of Camellia oleifera.There were beneficial for controlling theirs harm that understanding theirs occurrence characteristics and understanding the types of stem boring pests and their relationship with stand structure in C.oleifera forest in Jiangxi Province.【Method】A combination of surface survey(field survey)and fixed-point systematic survey(standard site survey)were used to investigate and analyze the types,occurrence and damage of stem boring pests and their relationship with stand structure in three representative types of C.oleifera forests in Jiangxi Province(pure artificial C.oleifera forest,approximate wild old C.oleifera forest,and C.oleifera-tea intercropping forest).【Result】There were 10 species of C.oleifera stem boring pests in Jiangxi Province:Casmara patrona,Parametriotes theae,Linoclostis gonatias,Arbela baibarana,Zeuzera coffeae,Chreonoma atritarsis,Erythrus blairi,Aeolesthes induta,Xyleborus fornicalus and Odontotermes formosanus.The top 8 of these 10 pests were the main stem boring pests,often occurring locally and severely.The degree of damage caused by stem boring pests varies among these three types of C.oleifera forests.The occurrence of stem boring pests in the C.oleifera-tea intercropping forest was the most severe,with 5 dominant pests(C.aspatrona,P.theae,Ch.atritarsis,Z.coffeae,E.blairi).The occurrence and harm of stem boring pests in approximate wild old C.oleifera forest were the lightest,with Ch.atritarsis being the dominant pest.The occurrence of stem boring pests in artificial pure oil tea forests was between the two mentioned above,with three dominant pestss(Cas.patrona,P.theae,Ch.atritarsis).The stand structure(including stand density,canopy density,forest age,and forest form)was an important ecological factor affecting the prevalence of C.oleifera stem boring pests in Jiangxi.Overall,the C.oleifera stem boring pests tended to occur and caused damage to flourishing forests with low forest density and low canopy density,with a high rate of insect infestation.C.oleifera forest with neat forest form and good growth had a high incidence of stem boring pests,but different stem boring pests had different damage habits,and the relationship between their occurrence and stand structure was also different.【Conclusion】It could be seen that there are significant differences in the occurrence of stem boring pests among C.oleifera forests with different stand structures.In actual production,targeted prevention and control strategies should be proposed based on the advantageous occurrence of stem boring pests in C.oleifera forests with local stand structures.
作者
陈元生
欧阳志兴
曾林华
CHEN Yuansheng;OUYANG Zhixing;ZENG Linhua(Jiangxi Environmental Engineering Vocational College,Ganzhou Jiangxi 341000,China;Longnan Forestry Bureau of Jiangxi Province,Longnan Jiangxi 341700,China)
出处
《南方林业科学》
2025年第4期75-79,86,共6页
South China Forestry Science
基金
江西省重点研发计划项目(20212BBF63045)
江西省教育厅科技计划项目(GJJ161375,GJJ2205425)
赣州市林业科技创新和推广项目“赣南油茶木蠹蛾生物生态学研究及其绿色防控”。
关键词
油茶
蛀干害虫
林分结构
林相
有虫株率
调查
江西
Camellia oleifera
stem boring pest
stand structure
forest form
pest infestation rate
Jiangxi
